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Irrigation Schedule and Deficit Irrigation for Wheat Cultivation

A. A. Hassan
Agricultural Engineering Division, BINA, P.O.Box No.4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

A. A. Sarkar
Agricultural Engineering Division, BINA, P.O.Box No.4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

N. N. Karim
Agricultural Engineering Division, BINA, P.O.Box No.4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. H. Ali
Agricultural Engineering Division, BINA, P.O.Box No.4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiment was conducted with wheat (during November, 1994 to March, 1995) to study the yield response due to deficit irrigation imposed at different growth stages. The experimental design was a randomized block design with nine irrigation treatments [two extreme treatments (1111 and 0000), single stage stress irrigation treatments (0111, 1011, 1101, 1101) and two stage stress irrigation treatments (0011, 1001, 1100). Highest :yield (6.29 t/ha) and significant yield increase was obtained in two stage stress irrigation treatments (1100). Two stage stress (1100) watering saved 34% net irrigation water compared to all stages watering (1111). Irrigation treatments had significant (LSDo.o5) effect on all the yield attributes.

Keywords: Irrigation, Wheat, Cultivation

Location: Ishurdi, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 01-11-1994

End Date: 30-03-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To identify growth stages of wheat when the crop is relatively less sensitive to water stress so that irrigation water can be saved that could be used to bring more area under irrigation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted during November, 1994 to March, 1995 at Ishurdi, Bangladesh. The geographical location of the experimental site is at 24°06', 89°0I' E and 34m above MSL. After site selection, soil samples were collected from the experimental field for analysis of physic- chemical properties. General soil classification and physico-chemical properties of the study area are shown The experiment was Irrigation for wheat cultivation 45 conducted under deficit irrigation at specific growth stages of wheat (as detailed below) but full irrigation (no water stress) at other stages. Simple record of open pan evaporation from class-A pan was used to determine the full irrigation requirement. The focus of treatments was on irrigation to . identify specific wheat growth stages (including extended) at which the crop is somewhat less sensitive to water stress. There were altogether nine irrigation treatments as follows. 1111 = Normal watering for all stages 0000 = Continuous stress for all stages 0111 = Single stress at stage I 1011 = Single stress at stage II 1101 = Single stress at stage III 1110 = Single stress at stage IV 0011 = Two stress at stage I and II 1001 = Two stress at stage II and III 1100 = Two stress at stage III and IV The different stages of the crop were as follows: Stage I = Early (1-25 days from sowing) Stage II = Vegetative (30-60 days from sowing) Stage III = Yield formation (65:-85 days from sowing) Stage IV = Ripening (90-120 days from sowing) The experiment was laid out in randomized block design having individual plots of 5m x 4m with three replications. Each replicates and individual plots were separated from each other by providing buffer zone of 0.5m and 0.3m, respectively, to prevent seepage between nearby plots and replicates. the individual plots were fertilized with basal dose of 120 kg N/ha as urea, 60 kg P205/ha as triple super phosphate, 100 kg K₂0 as muriate of potash, 6 kg Zn/ha as zinc-oxide and 30 kg S/ha as gypsum at final land preparation. Irrigation water requirement was calculated at each stage of the crop using simple evaporation records from class-A pan and crop factors oat different stages of wheat (Doorenbos and Kassam, 1979). Experimental data were analyzed as per design of experiment.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 25 (1&2), pp. 43-50, Jan-Dec 2000, ISSN- 0253-5408, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that normal watering for all stages is at all not necessary for successful wheat production. Even stresses at development and ripening stages do not reduce the yield significantly. This deficit irrigation practice in turn save water and facilitate expansion of crop area under the irrigation projects. Similar results have also been reported for different crops [Anon (1991); Samis and Wu (1989)].

Knowledge Management: Journal