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Comparative Economic Analysis of Rice Yield Gap in Demonstration and Farmers Field in Transplanted Aman Season

R. A. Khondker
Department of Agricultural Economics,Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh

M. A. Islam Akanda
Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was designed to know the adoption rate, yield gap and relative profitability of modern Transplanted Aman rice cultivation in demonstration and farmers' plot. Primary data were collected randomly from thirty-one farmers of Gazipur sadar thana among the farmers who had demonstration trials in their fields. Cost, return, benefit cost ratio (BCR), yield gap, input use gap, return to labour and fertilizer etc. were calculated to determine the economic performances. Gross margin and net return in demonstration plot was higher compared to that in farmers' plot on both full and cash cost basis. BCR on full cost basis was higher in demonstration plot (l.20) than in farmers' plot (l.l5), which indicated higher performance of demonstration plot. The return to labour and fertilizer were higher in farmers' plot indicated that there had a scope to increase per unit productivity in farmers' plot by increasing the uses of both labour and fertilizer. The yield gap between demonstration and farmers' plot was about 300.46 kg/ha and there had significant input use gap of labour and fertilizer. At the mean level of labour use, a reduction of fertilizer use gap by one kg (i.e., an increase of one kg of fertilizer in farmers' plot) resulted in 2.72% decrease in yield gap. Similarly, a reduction of labour use gap by one man-day resulted in 11.61 % decrease in yield gap. Therefore, the production practices of the demonstration plot are more economic and the farmers are to make aware to follow the recommended practices of the demonstration plot.

Keywords: Comparative, Economic Analysis, Rice, Yield, Transplanted, Aman Season

Location: Gazipur Sadar Thana

Start Date: 15-09-1996

End Date: 30-11-1996

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Demonstration

Objectives:

l. To know the socio-economic status of the T. Aman rice farmers,

2. To examine the relative economic performance of demonstration field over farmers' field,

3. To determine the yield gap and the contribution of production factors to the yield gap on farmers' plot in T. Aman rice production.

Methodology:

Primary data were collected from both the farmers having demonstration trials conducted by DAE and, managed by the farmers and DAE itself at Gazipur Sadar Thana located at about 40 km away to the north of Dhaka city. Thirty-one sample farmers were selected randomly among the population size of 42. The farmers were categorized as Small Farm (holding operated land from 0.01 ha to 1.00 ha), Medium Farm (holding operated land from 1.01 ha to 2.00 ha), and Large Farm (holding operated land above 2.00 ha). Among them, 12 Small farms (SF), 19 Medium farms (MF) were interviewed but no large farm (LF) was found within the population. The data were collected within the whole production period of T. Aman,1996 (from September 15 to the last week of November, 1996). Tabular and Mean analysis were employed for calculating family size, education level, farm size, yield and input use gap, and cost and returns of T. Aman rice production. T-statistics were employed to test the null hypothesis of no difference in net return between demonstration and farmers' plot. A Double log model was estimated to find out the contribution of both labour use and fertilizer use to the yield gap. Determination of Return, Cost and Margin Gross return was determined by summing up the returns from main product (rice grain) and by-product (straw). Gross cost was determined by taking the cost items of human labour, animal labour, fertilizer, manure, irrigation, insecticides, interest on operating capital, opportunity cost of land, etc. on full cost basis, whereas only operating cost was accounted in cash cost basis. Contribution of the inputs, i.e., labour and fertilizer use to yield gap was estimated as the proportionate change in yield gap due to a change of 01 unit of labour or fertilizer use.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 25 (1&2), pp. 121-131, Jan-Dec 2000, ISSN- 0253-5408, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The small farmers are cultivating rice in a larger percent to their cultivated areas than that of medium farmers, as small farmers like to use their limited land intensively for fulfilling their own requirement. Moreover, adoption of modem transplanted Aman rice by small farmers was higher than adopted by the farmers of MF size category. In comparison between demonstration and farmers' field, it was found that the yield in demonstration plot was higher than in farmers' plot, and yield obtained by SF was higher than that obtained by MF size category. Net return and BCR, the indicator of performance, was also higher in demonstration plot than in farmers plot and these were higher for SF size category. Therefore, the farmers especially the MF(s) has more scope to use the production practices of demonstration plot. The contribution of labour and fertilizer use gap to the yield gap was positive and the contribution of labour use gap was higher for MF size category. The result indicated that yield gap between demonstration and farmers' plot can be reduced by increasing the use of labour and/or fertilizer in farmers' field at a certain level of fertilizer or labour use. Therefore, intensive adoption of the recommended production practices to farmers' field is essential to increase food grain production and overcome the national food deficit.

Knowledge Management: Journal