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Effect of Selected Insecticides and Their Frequency of Application for Suppressing Fruit Fly in Cucumber

M. Z. Alam
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1703, Bangladesh

M. Akhtaruzzaman
Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

M. A. Sardar
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to determine the optimum frequency of application of malathion (2 ml/litre water) and cypermethrin (0.5 ml/litre water) against fruit fly of cucumber. All treatments with both the insecticides caused reduction in fruit fly infestation over control. Cover spray with cypermethrin at 10 days interval (DI) produced "lower fruit infestation as compared to 15 and 20 DI. The maximum fruit yield was obtained with the cypermethrin at 10 DI, which was followed by its application at 15 DI and malathion at 10 DI. The effectiveness of the three treatments was statistically similar but significantly higher as compared to other treatments. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) analysis indicated that the cypermethrin sprayed at 15 DI gave the higher economic return than the cypermethrin sprayed at 10 Dl. The mean infestation values of all stages revealed that the cypennethrin sprayed at an interval of 10 or 15 days, effectively reduced fruit fly infestation; but considering the BCR and biosafety as well as biodegradable properties, the cypermethrin at 15 DI was considered the best treatment.

Keywords: Insecticides, Frequency, Application, Suppressing, Friut fly, Cucumber

Location: BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-04-1998

End Date: 31-07-1998

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Cucumber

Objectives:

To evaluate the two most commonly used insecticides, malathion and cypermethrin to determine their optimum frequency of application for suppressing fruit fly in cucumber.

Methodology:

The treatments maintained were: cover spray with malathion (limithion 50 EC) @ 2ml/litre of water and cover spray with cypermethrin cymbush 10 EC) @ 0.5 ml/litre of water at 10, 15 and 20 days interval. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 4 replications. A water spray control was also maintained. The experiment was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during April 1998 to July 1998. The size of each experiment plot was 6m X 1.5m with an inter plot distance of 2m. Five pits (30cm X 30cm X 20cm) were prepared per plot at a distance of 1 m between them. The whole experimental fields were divided into 28 equal plots. Each plot was provided with 5 plants representing one replication. The land preparation, fertilization and irrigation were done following the recommendation of Rashid (1993). Cucumber seeds of an improved local variety "Lamba Shasha" was collected from Chandina and sown in poly bags. After 7 days of germination single healthy plant per bag was allowed for proper growth and development. Shade was provided to the transplanted seedlings with banana pesudostem for 3-5 days. Damaged and viral infected seedlings were replaced by fresh ones from the stock. Single bamboo stick (2 cm dia) was used for each plant as a means of propping. Downy mildew observed in the field was chemically controlled by applying Ridomil MZ72@ 2 g/litre of water. To evaluate the effect of malathion and cypermethrin data on per cent fruit infestation by number and weight, and yield were recorded. The economic analysis of Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was analyzed on the basis of total expenditure of the respective treatment along with the total return from that particular treatment. In this study BCR was analyzed for a hactare of land. Treatment wise management cost was calculated by adding the cost incurred for labours and inputs for each treatment including untreated control during the entire cropping season. The total yield after each harvest was calculated separately for every treatment and accumulated at the end of the final harvest. The total yield of each treatment was converted for determining yield (t/ha). This yield was utilized to calculate the gross return. This was measured by multiplying the total yield by the unit price of cucumber at that time. Net return was calculated by subtracting management cost from gross return.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 25 (1&2), pp. 151-161, Jan-Dec 2000, ISSN- 0253-5408, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The over all results of the present study revealed that cypermethrin cover sprayed on cucumber at-an interval of 10 of 15 days effectively reduced the fruit infestation by number and weight; Weight of single fruit and total yield were also increased by these treatments with a maximum saving over control. Considering the price, biosafety and biodegradable properties the cyperrnethrin at an interval of 15 days may be accepted as a component for developing IPM package to suppress fruit fly population on cucumber.

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