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Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Yield of Traditional Aromatic Fine Rice Varieties in Aman Season

M A Mannan
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur,

M S U Bhuiya
Dept. of Agronomy , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

S M A Hossain
Dept. of Agronomy , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Farm, Gazipur during Aman season. The traditional aromatic rice Kalijira , Kataribhog, Chinigura ami Badshabhog were tested with 0, 25, 5O, 75 and I 00 kg N ha ^-¹ to determine the optimum level of nitrogen and to find out the varieties having high yield potential. Thirty-day-old seedIing were transplanted on 15 August spaced at 20 cm x I5 cm both in 1999 and 2000. The plant height, number of tillers hil^-1, dry matter, number of panicles, panicle length, percentage of spikelets sterility and straw yield increased with the increase of nitrogen levels but the highest grain yield was obtained at 50-75 kg N ha ^-1 The tall plant and high biomass production at the higher level of nitrogen were prone to lodge and increased spikelet Sterility or decreased grains panicle resulting lower grain yield of rice. The intermediate tall Chinigura showed better crop growth and yield at the higher level of nitrogen (50 to 75 kg ha^-1 while the taller plant of Kalijira and Badshabhog responded well comparatively at lower level of nitrogen (25-50 kg ha^-1 in both the years.

Keywords: Aromatic rice, Nitrogen level , Aman season

Location: Mynensingh

Start Date: 20-08-1999

End Date: 12-11-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine the optimum level of N and to find out the high yielding traditional aromatic rice varieties for growing in Aman season.

Methodology:

The traditional aromat ic ine rice Kalijira , Kataribhog , Chinigura and Badshabhog were grown under five levels of N viz; 0, 25, 50, 75 and I 00 kg ha^-1 in A man season of 1999 and 2000. The treatments were distributed in a split-plot design, placing N in the main plot and the varieties in the sub plot. Fertilizers were applied @ 40-40-10-4 kg P₂ 0₅, K₂ 0, S and Zn ha^-1 ,respectively. The crop growth parameters such as plant height; number or tiller hill^-1, and dry matter (DM) were measured at different growth stages. Five destructive sample hills were collected from each individual plot to measure the growth parameters. For DM determination the sample was dried in oven at 70° C for 72 hours . Five square meter area was harvested from the center of the plot to estimate the grain yield and adjusted to 14% moisture content to expressed yield in ton ha^-1. The straw was dried in the sun until complete drying. Soil samples were collected from different spots in the experimental field at the depth of 0.15 cm before fertilizer application. The collected soils were thoroughly mixed and made ready for analysis. The soil of the experimental area was clay loam which contained total N 0.09%, organic carbon 0.95% and available P 10.00 ppm . The harvested grain and straw samples were dried and grinned in a machine. About 0.2 g of grain and straw samples were used for N analysis by following standard procedures. N uptake was calculated from the product of grain and straw oven dry weight and percentage of nitrogen content. The uptake by grain and straw was added to get the total uptake by rice plant.

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2008) 12(1): 9-17

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The plant height , tillers and dry matter of rice increased with the increase of N level at different growth stages up to maturity. The Kalijira and Badshahbog gave significantly tall plant while, Kataribhog and Chinigura were relatively short stature at different growth stages even at maturity stage in both the years. The plants became tall and susceptible to lodge at the higher doses of N.The Chinigura produced signtficantly maximum number of tillers as well as dry matter followed by Kalijira while low tillers and dry matter was found in Kataribhog and Badshabhog irrespective of growth stages. However, the tillering potentiality depends on the genetic potentiality of rice . Excess N application increased panicle number but decreased grains panicle^-1 that resulted lower grain yield. Where the grain yield of aromatic rice increased considerably with the application of N but at the higher rate (90 kg ha -1) the grain yield decreased due to the lower number of grains panicle -1. The tall plants are prone to lodge and often a constraint to achieving higher grain yield when supply is high . The findings of this study indicated that the response of was linear up to 75 kg N ha^-1 which might be owing to better N uptake leading to greater dry matter production that was transmitted to the sink resulting higher number of panicles and panicle length leading to increased yield . Grain yield decreased with the increase in levels due to excessive vegetative growth. However, traditional aromatic rice showed better performances giving higher grain yield of 2.55 t ha^-1in control condition.The optimum dose of N for Badshabhog and Cinigura was 55 and 52 kg ha^-1, respectively, which was slightly less for Kalijira (47 kg ha^-1) and Kataribhog (48 kg ha^-1).

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