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Effects of Sand and Clay Mixture on Root-knot Nematode in Sugarcane

M. Iqbal
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M.U. Ahmad
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh.

I. Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh.

I. H. Mian
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur.

M.S. Rahman
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. A. Hasan
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted to find out the effect of mixture of sand and clay soils on the development of root-knot disease and female of Meloidogyne spp. in sugarcane roots. Maximum of 18.1 galls/g root were found in soil having 100% sand. The numbers of gall in soils having sand and clay ratios of 10:1, 9:2, 8:3, 7:4, 6:5, 5:6 and 4:7 ranged from 4.1-6.4/g root. The numbers of galls recorded from above seven mixtures of sand and clay was statistically similar but significantly lower as compared to only sand. The lowest gall number of 1.2/g root was recorded in pure clay soil, which was statistically similar to the number of galls found in soils having 1:10,2:9, 3:8, 4:7, 5:6, 6:5, 7:4 and 8:3 sand and clay. The highest population of mature female of Meloidogyne spp. was also recorded in pure sand. The lowest population of 1.1 female nematode per gram root of sugarcane was found in pure clay. The range of female nematode was 2.1 - 13.1/g roots in sand and clay. mixtures of 1:10 to 10:1. The differences in population of nematodes in roots of sugarcane grown in eleven different mixtures of sand and clay were not significant. The average number of galls per gram of sugarcane roots was 6.2 in the month of October and November which was significantly higher as compared to September. The prevalence of mature female in September to November was statistically similar but significantly lower as compared to August.

Keywords: Meloidogyne spp., Sand and Clay mixture, Root-knot nematode, Sugarcane.

Location: Ishurdi, Pabna

Start Date: 01-01-2005

End Date: 31-12-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To find out the effect of sand a clay mixture producing artificial soil texture on root-knot nematode in sugarcane.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted to find out the effect of mixture of sand and clay soils the development of root-knot disease and female of Meloidogyne spp. in sugarcane roots. Pure river bed sand and heavy clay soil were collected and dried in the hot sun on a concrete floor. Both sand and clay soils were sterilized with formalin at the rate of 30 ml formalin (40% formaldehyde) dissolved in 1000 ml water for per cubic feet of soil. The treated soil was covered with polythene sheets and kept for 72 hours. Then the polythene sheets were removed and the soil was spread in thin layer on the concrete floor for 7 days. After sterilization sand and clay were mixed at the ratios of 0:11, 1:10, 2:9, 3:8, 4:7, 5:6, 6:5, 7:4, 8:3, 9:2, 10:1 and 11 :0. Then earthen pots (40 cm diameter) were filled-up with mixed soils at the rate of 12 kg/pot. Seedlings of sugarcane (Isd 16) were grown in nematode free soil and transplanted in the pots. After 45 days of transplanting, the sugarcane seedlings were inoculated with 20 eggmasses of Meloidogyne spp. To enhance the growth and root development, the settlings were fertilized into three installments viz. 20 days after plantation, during tillering stage and during May/June. Each pot received 3.5 g urea, 2.25 g TSP and 1.5 g MP at the rate of 280, 180 and 120 kg/ha of urea, TSP and MP, respectively (Ali et al., 1989). Necessary intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Each mixture of sand and clay represented a treatment and each treatment was replicated four times (four pots). There were 12 treatments and 4 replications. The pots were arranged in the pot house of BSRI following randomized complete block design. Data were taken on the incidence of gall and mature female in the months of August, September, October and November.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Sugarcane, Vol. 32, pp. 34-39, April 2011, ISSN- 1991-8925.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The numbers of galls recorded from above seven mixtures of sand and clay was statistically similar but significantly lower as compared to only sand. The lowest gall number of 1.2/g root was recorded in pure clay soil, which was statistically similar to the number of galls found in soils having 1:10,2:9, 3:8, 4:7, 5:6, 6:5, 7:4 and 8:3 sand and clay. The highest population of mature female of Meloidogyne spp. was also recorded in pure sand. The lowest population of 1.1 female nematode per gram root of sugarcane was found in pure clay. The range of female nematode was 2.1 - 13.1/g roots in sand and clay. mixtures of 1:10 to 10:1. The differences in population of nematodes in roots of sugarcane grown in eleven different mixtures of sand and clay were not significant. The average number of galls per gram of sugarcane roots was 6.2 in the month of October and November which was significantly higher as compared to September. The prevalence of mature female in September to November was statistically similar but significantly lower as compared to August.

Knowledge Management: Journal