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Genetic Diversity in Buckwheat (fagopyrum Esculentu M)

N R Debnath
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agriculural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

M G Rasul
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agriculural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

A K M A Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agriculural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

M A K Mian
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agriculural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

T Hossain
Department of Crop Botany. BSMRAU, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted with 21 local genotypes of buckwheat to study the diversity pattern based on quantitative and qualitative characters during the November 2003 to April 2004. There exists significant variation among the buckwheat genotypes for all the parameters studied. Multivariate techniques were used to classify 21 buckwheat genotypes. All the genotypes were grouped into five different cluster. Cluster IV had the maximum (six) and cluster ll had the minimum (one) genotype. The highest inter c luster distance was observed between I and 11. The lowest inter c luster distance was found between the c luster Ill and V. Days to fir st germination. days t o first flowering. first node distance from the soil level, plant height, branches per plant, inflorescence per plant, grains per raceme and total grains per plant have been found to contribute maximum towards genetic divergence among the buckwheat genotypes. The clustering pattern of genotypes revealed t hat genotypes collected from the same place did not form a single cluster. Considering diversity pattern and other agronomic performance the genotypes G21, G9, G8 and G10 might be selected as promising genotypes for future hybridization program.

Keywords: Buckwheat, Genetic diversity. Multivariate technique, Qualitative traits, Quantitative traits, yield

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 09-11-2003

End Date: 23-04-2004

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Buck wheat

Objectives:

To select the genetically divergent parents to obtain the desirable recombinant in the segregating generations.

Methodology:

The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plot size was 4m x 1.25m consisting of five rows. Row to row distance was 25 cm. Cowdung, Urea , TSP and MP were applied in the plot @ 5 ton/ha , 6 kg/ha , 110 kg/ha and 5 kg/ha, respectively. All the fertilizers except urea were applied and mixed with soil during final land preparation. The urea was top dressed in two equal splits at 15 and 30 days after sowing. Intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, thinning was done as and when necessary during the growing period for proper growth and development of the plants.Ten plants were selected at random from each plot for recording data. Data were recorded on days to first germination, days to 100% germination, days to first flowering, first node distance from soil level , plant height , number of branches per plant , total number of inflorescence per plant, total number of flowers per inflorescence, total grain setting raceme per plant , total number of grains per raceme, average length of raceme (only grain bearing portion), total number of grains per plant, seed yield per plant , 100-seed weight, seed yield (kg) m ². Mean data for each character was subjected to multivariate analysis viz, principal component analysis (PCA), principal coordinate analysis (PCO), canonical variate analysis (CVA) and cluster analysis (CLSA) using GENSTAT 5.13 software program. More than one multivariate technique are required to represent the results more clearly

Source of Information: Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2008) 12(1): 1-10

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Range, mean, standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of fifteen characters of buckwheat genotypes, namely , days to first germination , days to I00% germination, days to first flower emergence , distance of first node from the soil level (cm ), plant height (cm ) days to maturity, number of branches per plant , number of inflorescence per plant, total number of flowers per inflorescence, grain setting raceme per plant , number of grains per raceme, raceme length (cm) , total number of grain per plant , seed yield per plant (g), 100 seed weight (g) and yield (kg m²). The mean values and the coefficient of variation of the above parameters indicated that a considerable variability existed among the genotypes. An analysis of variance showed that the genotypes varied significantly (1 % level of probability) for all the characters.Genotypically distant parents usually able to produce higher heterosis. The genotypes belonging to the distance clusters could be used in hybridization program for obtaining a wide spectrum of variation among segregates.The genotypes viz. G₉, G₁ , G₄ ,G₁₆_. G₂₀, 0₂₁ belonging to cluster II and I having greater cluster distance are recommended for inclusion in hybridization program as they are expected to produce good segregants. Thus it could be suggested that crossing should be made between genotypes belonging to these distant clusters for higher heterotic response. In the present study the inter-cluster distances between cluster II and I with other cluster suggesting crossing the genotypes of cluster II and I with desirable genotypes of other clusters would express heterosis.

Knowledge Management: Journal