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Balance Sheet of Nutrients Under Rice Based Fodder Cropping System in Brahmaputra Alluvial Soil

M. Azizur Rahman
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur

S. M. A. Hossain
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. A. Gaffer
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. M. M. Tareque
Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Nutrient balance sheet was worked out in rice based fodder cropping systems grown in silt loam soil of the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain. Legume and non-legume fodder crops were grown in turn-around period of transplanted aman rice and boro rice at the research farm of the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jamalpur throughout the year 1991-1992 and 1992- 1993. Significant improvement in uptake of N,P,K was noticed with the inclusion of fodder crops in the predominant cropping system, T. aman rice-boro rice. Non-legume fodder cropping ) . system removed more N and K while P was from leguminous fodder cropping system. About 34-79% more total primary nutrients (N+P+K) were removed by the designed systems. The net N removal was about 1.5 times the addition through fertilizer. The balance of P was positive but K deficit was more pronounced in forage cropping systems.

Keywords: Fodder crops, Designed system, Balance sheet

Location: Jamalpur

Start Date: 02-03-1991

End Date: 23-02-1993

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Fodder

Objectives:

A study on the nutrient balance of NPK was worked out in different cropping systems under partially irrigated condition.

Methodology:

The soil of the study area was non-calcareous dark-grey alluvial of Sonatala silt loam of the Old Brahmaputra floodplain containing pH 5.95, organic carbon 1.079%, total N 0.0876%, available P 16.0 ppm and available K 0.215 me/100g. Six cropping systems with different forage crops in the systems were designed in a RCB and replicated four times having plot size 5 x 6 m in the predominant cropping system, BR11 (T. aman rice)-BR 14 (Bore rice). Short duration forage crops such as grasspea (Lathyrus sativas L.), berseem (Trifolium lexandrinum L.), mustard (Brassica sp. ) , maize (Zea mays L.), sunnhemp (Crotolaria juncea L.), cowpea (Vign unguiculata L. W alp.) and oat (Avena sativa L.) were grown in the wet to dry transition period between transplanted aman and bora rice. T. aman (BR11) and Bore (BR14) rice were fertilized with 80-60-40 kg/ha NPK. In BR14, 20 kg/ha S from gypsum was applied as basal along with TSP and MP. Soil samples were taken initially from 10 places at a depth of 0-50 cm. Then the samples were mixed and made 4 samples for chemical analysis. Soil samples were taken from each unit plot at the same depth just after crop harvest for nutrient analysis. The balance of nutrients was calculated by deducting the nutrient uptake by crops from nutrient addition (N, P and K from urea, TSP and MP) in two years period.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 28(1): 1-6, January, 2001

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A balance sheet of nutrients corresponding for the first and second year scenario of the tested forage cropping systems are as follows. The nitrogen uptake was ranged from 443.7 to 584.6 kg/ha in two years while the addition from the fertilizer was from 320.0 to 440.0 kg/ha. Net N uptake was about 1.5 times the addition through fertilizers. Both cereals and legumes might have shared removal of more N from soil by the tested systems. Deficit of nitrogen, however, in the case of legume N removal came most probably from symbiotic fixation by them or from soil reserve. The traditional rice-rice system removed 332.8 kg/ha N where added 320 kg/ha N. The balance of phosphorus was positive under all cropping systems. It varied from 7.7 kg/ha under T. aman rice-grasspea boro rice system to 38.1 kg/ha under T. aman rice-berseem-boro rice and T. aman rice oat+berseem-boro rice. The potassium balance was negative in all the systems having the maximm in T. aman rice-oat+berseem-boro rice and T. aman rice-berseem-boro rice system. About 132 and 199 kg/ha K were added to legume and non-legume forage cropping systems. The uptake varied from 372.5 to 566.4 kg/ha. The non-legume forage K uptake was 119.4-121.2 kg/ha. Hence the total uptake was higher in these systems. Moreover, added K might fix with soil to extent. Hence, potassium deficit was more not only in non-legume forage cropping systems but also in all the tested cropping systems' than the existing one. The least K deficit was recorded from T. aman rice-grasspea+berseem-boro rice (234.7 kg/ha/2yr) among the tested cropping systems. Thus, based on the results obtained from the study it may be concluded that inclusion of forage crops in the existing T. aman-boro rice system uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was increased. Inclusion of forage oat+berseem in the system uptake N and K the most while berseem containing system was the highest in P uptake. Nitrogen and potassium uptake was much more than the added as fertilizers and P had a positive balance in the soil.

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