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Effect of Nematode Inoculum and Soil Texture on Root-knot Development and Yield of Sugarcane

M. lqbal
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. U. Ahmad
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh

I. Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh

I. H. Mian
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Salna, Gazipur.

F. Begum
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to find out the effect of nematode and different soil textures on root-knot disease incidence and yield of sugarcane. In three types of soil texture viz. sandy loam, loamy and silty loam, the sugarcane roots were severely attacked with root- knot disease due to inoculation with Meloidogyne spp. Severity of gall and root damage were highest in sandy loam, which was followed by loamy and silty loam textures. The maximum number of 21.0 galls/g root was recorded in sandy loam soil in the month of August. The mean populations of female root-knot nematodes in sandy loam and loamy soil were statistically similar but significantly higher as compared to silty loam texture. Significantly the highest population of 13.2 females/g root was recorded in sandy loam soil in the month of August. Soil textures had significant influence on length per leaf and recovery of sugar. However, highest length of leaf was recorded in silty loam soil. Loamy and silty loam soils gave higher percent of recovery. Non-inoculated canes produced significantly higher number and weight of roots, increased length of roots and higher number of millable canes than inoculated canes under different soil textures. Besides, number of tillers, length of internode and recovery of sugar showed significant negative correlation with the galling incidence and number of female root- knot nematodes.

Keywords: Meloidogyne spp., Nematode inoculum, Soil texture, Root-knot, Yield, Sugarcane

Location: Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Sugarcane

Objectives:

To find out the effect of nematode inoculum and soil texture on root-knot development and yield of sugarcane.

Methodology:

Soils of the ten selected sugar mill zone areas, namely, Pabna Sugar Mills (PBSM), North Bengal Sugar Mills (NBSM), Joypurhat Sugar Mills (JSM), Rajshahi Sugar Mills (RJSM), Shyampur Sugar Mills (SHSM), Zeal Bangia Sugar Mills (ZBSM), Thakurgaon Sugar Mills (TSM), Setabgonj Sugar Mills (STSM), Carew & Co. and Faridpur Sugar Mills (FSM) are of sandy loam, loamy and silty loam type. The soils of PBSM, NBSM, RJSM, ZBSM, TSM, STSM, Carew & Co are of sandy loam types and those of SHSM and JSM are of loamy and FSM is of silty loam type. Considering these three types of soils, soil from STSM, JSM and FSM were collected for this experiment. The soil was sterilized with formalin (40% formaldehyde) @ 30 ml formalin dissolved in 1000 ml water for per cubic feet of soil. The treated soil was covered with polythene sheets and kept for 72 hours. Then the polythene sheets were removed and the soil was spread in thin layer on the pucca floor for 7 days. Earthen pots were used. Each pot was filled with 12 kg sterilized and dried soil. An earthen plate was placed below each pot to retain excess fluids. The pot experiment was conducted in a split plot design with five replications. The inoculum of Meloidogyne spp. was tested in whole plots and the three soil textures (viz. sandy loam, loamy and silty loam) were tested in sub-plots. Three sets each of 15 pots (40 cm dia) were used in this experiment. All the three sets of pots were filled with sterilized soil and one month old settling of the sugarcane variety Isd 16 was transplanted in each pot. The pots with settling were watered regularly for normal growth of the cane. When the plants were established, the soil of the pot around the base of the plant was loosened with the help of a 'khurpi' from time to time. Weeding and mulching were done every alternate fortnight upto harvest of the plants. To enhance the growth and root development, the settlings were fertilized into three installments viz. 20 days after plantation, during tillering stage (March/April) and during growth stage( May/June). Each pot received 3.5 g Urea, 2.25 g TSP and 1.5 g MP at the rate of 280, 180 and 120 kg/ha of Urea, TSP and MP, respectively. After 45 days of transplanting, 15 of these pots (5 for each soil texture) were inoculated with 20 eggmasses collected from tomato roots and brinjal roots previously inoculated with single egg mass of root- knot nematode. These 15 pots were used for recording data on galling incidence and population of root-knot nematodes. Another set of 15 pots (5 for each soil texture) filled with sterilized soil were similarly inoculated with 20 eggmasses and used for recording data on different growth and yield parameters of sugarcane. Another set of 15 pots (5 for each soil texture) were used as control (without eggmass). Data were collected on tiller number, number of galls and egg masses, population of nematodes, number and length of leaves per plant, number of millable canes, girth of cane, height of cane, length of internode, weight of millable canes, weight and length of root and recovery of sugar.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Sugarcane, Vol: 28, pp: 1-8, July-2006, ISSN 1991-8925

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The maximum number of 21.0 galls/g root was recorded in sandy loam soil in the month of August. The mean populations of female root-knot nematodes in sandy loam and loamy soil were statistically similar but significantly higher as compared to silty loam texture. Significantly the highest population of 13.2 females/g root was recorded in sandy loam soil in the month of August. Soil textures had significant influence on length per leaf and recovery of sugar. However, highest length of leaf was recorded in silty loam soil. Loamy and silty loam soils gave higher percent of recovery. Non-inoculated canes produced significantly higher number and weight of roots, increased length of roots and higher number of millable canes than inoculated canes under different soil textures. Besides, number of tillers, length of internode and recovery of sugar showed significant negative correlation with the galling incidence and number of female root- knot nematodes.

Knowledge Management: Journal