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Approaches to Optimizing Dietary Protein to Energy Ratio in Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes Fossilis (bloch, 1792)

M. Z. Ali
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201

M. M. Khan
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

K. K. I. Haque
Fisheries Division, BARC, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh.

M. Zaher
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

S. U. Ahammed
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A feeding trial was conducted in a static indoor rearing system with 18 cylindrical fibre glass tanks (80 cm diameter, 75 cm deep, 70-L each) to investigate protein to energy ratio (P/E ratio) in Heteropneustes fossilis 0.73 ± 0.04 g) for 8 weeks. Six fishmeal based diets of three protein levels (25, 35 and 45%), each with two lipid levels (5 and 10%) resulted in P/E ratios ranging from 14.45 to 28.83 mg protein kJ^-1 gross energy (GE) were fed to 50 fish (per 70-L tank) in triplicate. Fish were fed 6% of their body weight three times per day adjusted fortnightly. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) growth rates in terms of weight gain, % weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) were evident in fish fed with higher protein diet. The highest growth rate was found by fish fed 35% protein, 17.06 kJ^-1 GE with a P/E ratio of 20.53 mg protein kJ^-1 GE. Significantly better (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) was also evident in fish fed with higher protein diet and best FCR was found by fish fed 35% protein, 10% lipid, 17.06 kJ^-1 GE with a P/E ratio of 20.53 mg protein kJ^-1 GE. Significantly indifferent (P> 0.05) values of protein utilization were found in all (higher and lower) protein diets. Higher lipid deposition (p < 0.05) in whole body was observed with increasing dietary lipid level at each protein diet and as higher (P < 0.05) for the lower protein diets. The study reveals that stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis performed best with the diet containing 35%, 17.06 kJg^-1 gol and 20.53 mg protein kJg^-1 GE protein, gross energy and P/E ratio respectively.

Keywords: Protein, Catfish, Stinging catfish, Fossilis, Fish

Location: Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2009

End Date: 30-06-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

The objective of the present study was to evaluate dietary protein and energy interactions and their influence on growth, feed and protein utilization and body composition leading to optimization of PIE ratio for stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis

Methodology:

Six experimental diets were formulated with three levels of protein (25, 35 and 45%), each with two levels of lipid (5 and 10%), in order to produce a range of P/E ratios. Gross energy (GE) contents of diets ranged from 15.61 to 17.34 kJg^-1 and P/E ratios ranged from 14.45 to 28.43 mg protein kJ^-1 GE. Diets were referred to by two numbers separated by a 'I', the first number being the dietary protein level and the second the lipid level. The experiment was conducted in a static indoor rearing system with 18 cylindrical fibre glass tanks (80 em diameter, 75 crn deep, 70-L each). Artificial aeration was used to maintain an adequate level of dissolved oxygen in each test tank. About sixty percent of the water in the system was replaced biweekly to avoid accumulation of waste products. Water quality parameters such as temperature (26.90-36.50°C), pH (6.55 - 8.20), dissolved oxygen (5.60 - 8.20 mg/L) and ammonia (0.13 - 0.25 mg/L) remained within acceptable ranges for Heteropneustes fossilis .One thousand 10 week old (average weight 1.73 ± 0.04 g) Heteropneustes fossilis fingerlings were collected from Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh. Before starting the experiment the fish were acclimatized to the experimental condition for two weeks. Fish were randomly assigned into groups of 50 per 70-L cylindrical fibre glass tank Each dietary treatment had three replications and the experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. The fish were individually weighed at the start and at the end of the experiment and bulk- weighed by tank fortnightly in between. Fortnightly bulk weights were used to adjust the daily feed ration for the following 2 weeks. The fish were offered the test diets three time daily at the rate of 6% of their body weight and sub-divided into three equal feeds at 9.30. 13.00 and 17.00 h. At the onset of the experiment, 15 fish were sacrificed for analysis of initial carcass composition.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 36 (1) 2011, BARC, ISSN 0253-5408

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of growth performance, feed utilization and whole body composition, it may be stated that the diet 4, containing 35% and 17.06 kJ/g protein and gross energy respectively, performed best. This diet presumably contained the most appropriate P/E ration 20.53 (20.55 mg protein/kJ of FE) in Heteropneustes fossilis. The study reveals that addition of dietary energy (as lipid) at either protein level resulted in increases in growth and feed performance but that above 17.06 kJ^-1 GE ant 35% protein performance was reduced. In conclusion, stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis performed best with the diet containing 35%, 17.06 kJ^-1 and 20.53 mg protein kJ^-1 GE protein, gross energy and P/E ratio respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal