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Response of Potato to Nitrogen and Potassium and Its Influence on Soil and Plant Npk Content

M.H. Zakir
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh

N.M. Talukder
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh

M.A. Siddique
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was undertaken to evaluate the response of potato cv. Diamant to nitrogen and potassium and its effect on soil and plant NPK content. There were five levels each of nitrogen and potassium treatments (0, 75, 1-25, 175 and 225 kg N and K₂0 per hectare applied through urea and muriate of potash (MOP), respectively) in two individual experiments. A basal dose of 218 kg TSP, 250 kg MOP, 90 kg gypsum, 25 kg ZnS04 and 10 tons cowdung per hectare was applied in the first experiment, and a basal dose of 272 kg urea, 218 kg TSP, 90 kg gypsum, 25 kg ZnS04 and 10 tons cowdung per hectare was applied in the second experiment. The content of N, . P and K in the post-harvest surface and subsurface soils increased significantly due to the application of different levels of N; but different levels of K₂0 application significantly increased N and K content only. The N and P content in potato plant increased significantly up to the application of 175 kg N/ha. The content of P in potato plant decreased, while K content increased due to different levels of added K₂0. Added N and K₂0 significantly increased the yield of tubers up to the highest level of N (225 kg/ha) and 175 kg K₂0/ha, respectively.

Keywords: Nitrogen, Potassium, Tuber yield, NPK content in potato plant and NPK content in soil.

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 02-11-1995

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To find out the judicious level of nitrogen and potassium fertilization and !1 evaluate the soil and plant NPK status in relation to the yield of potato.

Methodology:

The two field experiments were conducted at the Horticulture Farm and the chemical analysis were done in the laboratory of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Two experiments, each with five different levels of 0, 75, 125, 175 and 225 kg/ha of either nitrogen or potassium were set.Forth experiment with nitrogen treatment, the basal doses of TSP, MOP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and cowdung manure were applied at the rates of 218, 250, 90, 25 kg and 10 t/ha respectively; and for the experiment with potassium, the basal doses of urea, TSP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and cowdung manure were applied at the rates of 272, 218, 90, 25 kg and 11 t/ha, respectively.Soil samples were collected from different part of the experimental plots before applying manure and fertilizers (per-planting soils), and from each unit plot after harvest of the crop (post-harvest soil) at 0-15 cm (surface) and 15-30 cm depth (sub-surface). Whole plant samples were collected from each unit plot before half cutting. The sample plants were chopped and air dried. Air dried samples were ground, oven dried and stored for chemical analysis. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium of soil samples, cowdung and plant samples were determined using classical methods.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 28(1): 59-65, January, 2001

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The content of N in potato plant samples was not significantly affected by different levels of K₂0 application. The range of P content in potato plants was 0.155% to 0.233% and the variation among the treatments was significant. The results showed that the phosphorus content in potato plant decreased with the increase in dose of K₂0. The percentage of K was increased significantly with the increase in dose of K fertilizer, and it continued up to the maximum dose applied. Application of different doses of nitrogen showed highly significant effect on tuber yield per hectare . The application of the lowest dose of nitrogen (75 kg N/ha) along with basal doses of phosphorus, potassium and cowdung resulted a 58% increase in yield over control. The increase in yield continued with increase in dose of nitrogen up to the highest level employed. However, the variation in yield due to the application of different levels of nitrogen from 75 to 225 kg/ha was not significant. A significant positive relationship between nitrogen content of plant and yield of tubers (r=O.786**) was observed. Similarly, the dose of nitrogen application and yield had a significant positive correlation (r=0.933**). The yield of potato tubers increased significantly due to the application of potassium fertilizer, and the increase in yield continued up to 175 kg K₂ 0/ha. There was not significant difference in yield among the treatments receiving 125 to 225 kg K₂0/ha. The highest tuber yield of 40.28 t/ha was achieved from the application of 175 kg K₂ 0/ha as compared to 29.71 t/ha from the control treatment. Significant positive relationship between exchangeable potassium in post-harvest soil and yield (r=0.743**) and between potassium content in plant and yield (r=0.584*) were noticed. But the relationship between potassium application and yield was insignificant.

Knowledge Management: Journal