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Management of Jute Anthracnose Disease in Bangladesh- a Review

M. Jalaluddln
Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box No.4 Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

H. A. Begum
Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box No.4 Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

M.A. Kashem
Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box No.4 Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

M.M .Islam
Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box No.4 Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The different aspects of research on the management of Anthracnose of jute caused by Colletotrichum corchori lkata & Yoshida in Bangladesh were reviewed. The pathogen is seed, soil and air-borne and mostly transmitted through seeds. The occurrence and severity of the disease depend on the level of resistance of the cultivars, locations, seed infection, cultural conditions, fertilizers and accordingly control strategies adopted by the growers. The disease can, some extent, be managed by the integration In the use of chemicals, botanicals, cultural practices, biological and resistant cultivars, The seed-dressing fungicides viz., Ceresan, Agrosan GN, Granosan M, Vitavax 200, Caplan, Bavistin and Tecto were found to be effective against sed-borne C. corchori. The extracts of Allium sativum, Zingiber, Datura, Polygonum and Justicia were effective against seed-borne infection of the pathogen. Field sanitation, rouging, crop rotation, solar heat and hot water treatment of seeds can also be used for the management of the disease in the field. The natural antagonists viz. Bacillus megaterium, Aspergillus nidulans and Penicillium axalicum can be used as biological control of the disease, Corchorus olitorius and a wild species of capsularis were resistant of Anthracnose but most of the exotic cultivars of capsularis were susceptible. Further research on disease free seed production technologies, seed-infection, simple method of detection and seed-borne nature of the pathogen, development of botanical, biological and cultural control strategies and induction of multiple disease resistance In modem cultivars were suggested.

Keywords: Management, Anthracnose, Jute

Location: BINA, Mymensing

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To review the progress of research work on management of Antharacnose disease of jute.
To identify the future research require for the economic management of the disease in the country.

Methodology:

The management of crop diseases under commercial basis has not yet become popular in this country. Applications of fungicides have sometimes been used for controlling foliar diseases of potato and in some winter vegetable crops. However, the management of Anthracnose of jute using various strategies is summarised as follows: a) Management through chemical means: Seed treatment with two seed-dressing mercurial fungicides, Ceresan (dry and wet application) and Agrosari GN were found to be effective against seed-borne infection of Colletotrichum corchori in jute (Anonymous, 1958). b) Management through botanicals: Attempts for the management of seed-borne pathogens of jute including C. corchori were made with the extracts of garlic (1:10 dilution, Ahmed and Sultana, 1984). Seeds treated with garlic paste improved germinations and reduced seedling mortality. Similarly seed-borne pathogens Macrophomina ·phaseolina and Fusarium spp were effectively controlled with garlic bulb extracts (Fakir and Khan, 1992). c) Management through cultural method: Very little work on the management of the disease using cultural practices has been reported. However, field sanitation through removing weeds, infected crop debris, rouging and burning of infected plants and plant parts, use of sun-dried seeds, rotations, seed collection from healthy plants at proper time and drainage may reduce the severity of the disease in the field (Aiam et a/., 1992).d) Management through biological agents: The development of biological control. strategies against plant pathogen has becoming popular for environmental reasons. However, some efforts have been made to develop biological control of Anthracnose of jute in India (Purkayastha and Bhattacharyya, 1982; Bhattacharyya and Purkayastha, 1982). e) Management through host resistance: The use of disease resistant cultivars for the management of any crop disease is the best and the least expensive method. However, the development of disease resistant cultivars require long-term efforts. The results of the evaluations of some species of jute against Anthracnose revealed that the varieties of C. olitorius and one wild species of capsularis were immune to this disease (Islam and Ahmed,1964).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 28(2): 195-204, July, 2001

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The seed-dressing fungicides viz., Ceresan, Agrosan GN, Granosan M, Vitavax 200, Caplan, Bavistin and Tecto were found to be effective against sed-borne C. corchori. The extracts of Allium sativum, Zingiber, Datura, Polygonum and Justicia were effective against seed-borne infection of the pathogen. Field sanitation, rouging, crop rotation, solar heat and hot water treatment of seeds can also be used for the management of the disease in the field.The natural antagonists viz. Bacillus megaterium, Aspergillus nidulans and Penicillium axalicum can be used as biological control of the disease, Corchorus olitorius and a wild species of capsularis were resistant of Anthracnose but most of the exotic cultivars of capsularis were susceptible. Further research on disease free seed production technologies, seed-infection, simple method of detection and seed-borne nature of the pathogen, development of botanical, biological and cultural control strategies and induction of multiple disease resistance In modem cultivars were suggested.

Knowledge Management: Journal