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Effect of Different Sources of Phosphorus on the Growth, Yield and Nutrient Content of Wheat

O.K. Saha
Adarsha College, Manikgong

P.C. Barman
Department of Agriculture Extension, Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka

M.Z. Hossain
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazlpur-1701

M.S. All
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To investigate the individual and combined effect of triple superphosphate (TSP), single superphosphate (SSP) and rock phosphate (RP) on the growth, yield and nutrient content of wheat (cv. Kanchan) the trials were conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh during the winter season of 1992-93. TSP and SSP alone showed more significant influence on the growth and yield contributing characters of wheat than RP alone. SSP alone showed superior performance in augmenting grain yield. Grain and straw yield obtained by combined application of phosphatic fertilizers did not differ significantly than those obtained by individual application and remained very close to each other. As regards the nutrient content, the tillering stage showed a promising result with higher amount of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S but Fe, Mn and Na were found in lesser amount. The ripening stage showed an Inverse result showing lesser amount of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S but with higher amount of Fe, Mn and Na. The influence of TSP alone in most cases was noticed in enhancing the nutrient content at both the stages of plant growth.

Keywords: Phosphorus, Phosphatic fertilizers, Nutrient content, Wheat

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 15-10-1992

End Date: 05-03-1993

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To investigate the individual and combined effect of TSP, SSP and RP on the growth, yield and nutrient content pattern at tillering and ripening stages of wheat (cv. Kanchan).

Methodology:

The field experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh during the winter season of 1992-93 with a view to study the effect of different sources of phosphorus on the growth, yield and nutrient content pattern at tillering and ripening stages of wheat. The experimental soils was silty loam and belongs to be physiographic unit of Old Brahmaputra flood plain alluvium soil tract under Sonatala series. Just before setting up the experiment, soil samples were collected from the experimental plot and analyzed at the laboratory of the Dept. of Soil Science to know the initial physico chemical properties of the soil. Percentage of sand, silt and clay were 8.9, 73.7 and 17.4, respectively. pH of the soil was 6.3. Organic matter and organic carbon content of the soil were 0.88% and 0.5%, respectively. N, P and K status of the soil were 0.1%, 9.0 ppm and 0.3 meq 100g^-1 respectively. The unit plot size was 4m x 2.5m. Randomizsed complete block design with three replications was followed. Fixed dose of P @ 40 kg p₂0₅ ha^-1 was applied with fixed dose of N and K @ 100 kg N ha^{- 1} and 60 kg k₂0 ha^-1 , respectively. N and K were applied in the form of urea and muriate of potash (MP), respectively. Triple super phosphate (TSP), single super phosphate (SSP) and rock phosphate (RP) were used alone or combinedly as the source of phosphorus. To make equilibrium of the effect of sulphur from the source of SSP, required amount of gypsum (G) was added in the soil of the respective treatments. One third of urea and the entire amount of other fertilizers were applied as per treatment specification at the time of final land preparation. The remaining urea was top dressed in two equal installments one at 28 days after sowing and the other after 30 days of the first installment i.e. at the time of spike initiation.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 29(1): 1-5, January, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Growth and yield contributing characters of wheat were found to influence significant by different sources of phosphorus under study. Plant height, total tillers/hill, effective tillers/hill and filled grains spike^-1, spike length and 1000 grain weight were found significantly the superior by applying TSP alone. However, values obtained by applying SSP alone were statistically similar to those of TSP alone except plant height. Among the sources, significantly the shortest plant with the lowest number of total tillers hill^-1 and filled grains spike^-1 were obtained by applying RP alone. Thousand grains weight was also found as the lowest in case of RP alone. Mixture of TSP, SSP and RP at 1:1:1 ratio of P₂0₅ maintained the inferior number of effective tillers hill^-1. Different sources of phosphorus did not show any significant influence.

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