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Silviculture Aspect of Passur (xylocarpus Mekongensis) Tree in the Sundarbans with Special Reference to Heart Rot Disease

Dr.A.S.M.Helal Siddiqui
Senior Research Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Dr. Abul Khair
Professor
Dr.Al-Haj Abul Khair, Professor, Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh,

Dr. M.M. Rahman
Divisional Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

S.M.Mosfeka Hasnpin
Senior Research officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Passur is a valuable and highly useful timber species in the Sundarbans. It is a commercially important multipurpose tree species. The species are well represented all over the forests and very hard timber. Now Passur is affected by heart rot problem. Actually heart rot is internal damaged condition locally known as "dhor." The fruit body, gall and cankers are developed on the different portion of the standing living trees. Thus it is characterized by the gradual death of the crown starting first with small twigs and then gradually larger branches die. The result shows that heart rot affected percentages are 64%, 62% and 60%, 54% and 48%r 17% respectively. Very low amount of trees are affected at Supati located in the fresh water zone of the Sundarbans. The results also show that in the six locations diameter at breast height (dbh.) Class IV (>40cm) is highly affected 34%, then followed by dbh Class III (31-40cm) 31%,Class II (21-30cm) 25% and the lowest only 10% in the Class I (<20cm). So, it is clear that Passur trees having dbh class IV (>40cm) were highly associated with heart rot. This calls for pathological rotation of Passur trees arriving at dbh class IV (>40cm) for better salvage of useable trees. The International Mycological Institute, UK, identified and confirmed two fungal pathogens for causal organism namely Phaenerochaete subglobosa and Schizophyllum commune and locally identidied Ganoderma appalanatum.

Keywords: Heart rot disease, Passur, Silvicultural aspect, Sundarbans,

Location: Different locations in the Sundarbans

Start Date: 01-10-2007

End Date: 31-12-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Passur

Objectives:

To identify causal organisms, infestation status of heart rot disease of passur trees.

Methodology:

Several field visits were made for selection of study sites to identify causal organisms, infestation status of heart rot disease of passur trees. In the process consultation were made with stakeholders like experienced professional wood cutters, locally known as Bawalies, Foresters, Range Officers, Forest Officials, Mangrove Research Officers attached to the Bangladesh Forest Research Institute (BFRI) and academies of Khulna University. Then on the basis of passur trees several compartments belonging to different Ranges distributed over in Fresh water zone, Moderate saline water zone and Strong saline water zones were selected as working site for the study. Finally six locations were selected at three salinity zones of the Sundarbans according to dominance of passur trees. The locations are Supati compartment no.4, Kalabogi, compartment no. 32, Baniakhali, compartment no.35, Bojboja,compartment no.37 and Kashiabad, compartment no.36 and Chunkuri compartment no.47. Infestation and other relevant data were collected properly from November 2007 to December 2009. Rot samples were collected and pathological analysis were done duly.Finaly the tested samples were sent to the IMI, UK for confirmation of identification.

Source of Information: Final paper accepted Pakistan Journal of Forestry, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) : N/A

Achievement/Findings:

The problem of heart rot of Passur has been put forward. Detailed general information on many aspects of Passur has been provided. Through a reconnaissance survey six Passur dominant areas were selected from three salinity zones in the Sundarbans. Per cent occurrence of heart rot of Passur were classified according to dbh class I (<20cm), dbh Class II (21-30cm), dbh class III (31-40cm). dbh Class IV (>40cm). It was found that Passur trees having dbh class C4 (>40cm) was most highly associated with per cent heart rot. This calls for pathological rotation of Passur trees arriving at dbh class C4 (>40cm) for better salvage of useable trees. Pathological rotation is the point in the life of trees when both volume of wood increment and deterioration are same, hence it should be practiced which will ensure maximum timber yield and which would be different for different hosts as well as causal fungi. But some biotic and abiotic factors are responsible for the causes. It is suggested that this should be taken into consideration for future decision about management strategy of Passur in the Sundarbans. The wood loss becomes a very high rate which shall impact the total loss of economy and the Sundarbans ecosystem. So, to overcome the disorder and disease special monitoring, care, multi disciplinary research with field study, introduction of proper management system are to be required to formulate and eradicate the problem in the Sundarbans.

Three fungal pathogens were finally identified namely Phaenerochaete subglobosa and Schizophyllum commune and locally identidied Ganoderma appalanatum.

Knowledge Management: Journal