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Response of Maize to Irrigation and Nitrogenous Fertilizer

M. Niazuddin
Agricultural Engineering Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202

M.S.U. Talukder
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

S.M. Shirazi
Farming Systems and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A.K.M. Adham
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

M.A. Hye
30epartment of Computer Science and Mathematics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out during November 1999 to April 2000 at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh in order to study the response of maize (cv. Bornali) to various irrigation regimes and nitrogenous fertilizers. Texturally, the experimental soil was silt loam having 36.78% sand, 50.93% silt and 12.18% clay, respectively. The experiment included two factors namely, i) five irrigation regimes with IW/CPE (irrigation water applied divided by cumulative pan evaporation) ratio of 1.0 and was applied at one time at 37, 58, 75 and 90 days after sowing (DAS) in I₁ , I₂, I₃, and I₄.experimental plots, respectively and ii) four nitrogen doses viz. 00, 70, 100 and 120 kg N ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications assigning 5 irrigation treatments to the main plots and 4 nitrogen levels to sub-plots at random. The maize crop was sown on 18 November 1999 and harvested on 22 April 2000. Yield and yield contributing characters were significantly affected by the application of irrigation and nitrogenous fertilizers. The highest grain yield of 6.88 t ha^-1 was obtained with 90 DAS irrigation treatment and 7.61 t ha^-1 by the application of 100 kg N ha^-1, both mainly due to 100-kernel weight. Interaction between 58 DAS irrigation treatment and 100 kg N ha^-1 were found to be the best combinations for the grain yield of maize. The nutritional status like N, P, K and organic carbon slightly decreased at harvest compared with land preparation. This might be due to the uptake of plant nutrients during the entire growth period of maize crop.

Keywords: Irrigation, Nitrogen, Maize, Yield

Location: Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 18-11-1999

End Date: 22-04-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of irrigation and nitrogen on the performance of maize.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the Agronomy Research Field of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 18 November 1999 to 22 April 2000 to evaluate the response of maize (cv. Bornali) to irrigation and nitrogenous fertilizer. The experiment included two factors, namely i) five irrigation regimes with IW/CPE ratio of 1.0 and was applied once time at 37, 58, 75 and 90 days after sowing (DAS) at 11, 12 13 and 14 experimental plots, respectively and ii) four nitrogen doses i.e. 00, 70, 100 and 120 N kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with 3 replications assigning 5 irrigation treatments to main plots and 4 fertility treatments to sub-plots at random. Texturally, the soil was silt loam. The land was prepared by the power tiller. Seeds were sown on 18 November 1999 by dropping seeds by hand with 70 em x 25 em spacing. The unit plot size was 4 m x 1.5 m (5 sq.m). Triple superphosphate (TSP) and muriate of potash (MP) were applied at the rate of 100 kg P₂0₅ and 80 kg K₂0/ha, respectively. One third of the nitrogen along with whole TSP and MP were applied at the time of final land preparation. The rest two third urea was top dressed in equal two splits at 35 and 65 days after sowing. The maize was harvested on 22 April 2000. Intercultural operations were made as and when necessary to keep the crop free from weeds and to protect from diseases. Soil moisture was determined at 34, 39, 56, 60, 73, 77, 87 and 93 DAS from each main plot. Soil samples were also collected from unit plots during land preparation and at harvest to determine the physico-chemical properties of soil. Plant height, root length, ear length, ear breath, ear/plant, kernel/ear, 100 kernel weight, grain and stover yields were recorded. Data were analyzed following analysis of variance technique and mean difference were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 29(2): 283-289, July, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The grain yield was the highest (7.61 t/ha) due to the application of 100 kg N/ha and the lowest grain yield (5.82 t/ha) was produced by control. The highest grain yield (7.91 t/ha) was obtained by the combination of 58 DAS irrigation treatment and 100 kg N/ha while the lowest (5.33 t/ha) was in combination of 37 DAS irrigation treatment and control.

Knowledge Management: Journal