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Suitability of Groundwater for Irrigation and Arsenic Contamination at Dhalia-randia of Mymensingh District in Bangladesh

A.K.M. Adham
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S.M. Shirazi
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.S.U. Talukder
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S.K. Fouzder
Farming System and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Dhalia-Randia (AEZ #9) site of Bhaluka upazila under Mymensingh district to determine the groundwater quality for irrigation purpose and drinking water quality in relation to arsenic contamination. All the groundwater samples for irrigation were almost good in respect of electrical conductivity (EC), normal in respect of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), satisfactory in respect of residual sodium bi-carbonate (RSBC) , good in respect of permeability index (PI), soft to very hard with respect to total hardness {TH), good to doubtful in respect of soluble sodium percentage (SSP) and practically neutral to slightly alkaline in respect of soluble sodium percentage (SSP) and practically neutral to slightly alkaline in respect of pH. Excepting a few, the water samples were not harmful to soil in respect of magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and Kelly's ratio (KR). ion concentrations were far below the recommended upper limit of irrigation water except magnesium indicating no restriction for irrigation use. In the study area all water quality parameters were found to be correlated with each other. All groundwater samples were suitable for drinking purpose in relation to arsenic (<0.05 mgL-1) in that area.

Keywords: Groundwater, Irrigation water quality, Arsenic and Drinking water quality

Location: Dhalia-Randia (AEZ #9) site of Bhaluka upazila under Mymensingh district

Start Date: 00-10-2000

End Date: 00-03-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Groundwater, Arsenic

Objectives:

To determine the suitability of groundwater for irrigation

Methodology:

The study was conducted during October 2000 to March 2001 to determine the groundwater quality for irrigation purpose. In total 43 water samples were collected. Out of 43 samples, 31 were collected from hand tubewells, 5 from deep tubewells and 7 from shallow tubewells. Thirty seven water samples to be used for drinking purpose were also collected from HTWs to determine arsenic contamination with the help of Arsenic Kit Box Merck (Model 1,10026.0001 ). The water samples were collected after half an hour since pumping started in 500 ml plastic container from each tubewell for determining suitability of irrigation. The plastic bottles were cleaned two to three times with the pumping water before collecting the samples. Care was taken so that no air could enter into the container. Samples were labeled and then transferred immediately to the Humboldt Soil Testing Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for chemical analyses. The groundwater samples were analysed for pH, EC, Na, K, Ca, Mg, S, C0₃, HC0₃, NH₄-N and N0₃ to determined the groundwater quality.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 29(2): 347-355, July, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The total sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium varied from 1.69 to 2.70, 0.11 to 0.33, 0.20 to 5.0 and 0.64 to 1.93 meL-1 , respectively. The concentrations of all cations were below the recommended limits for irrigation use except magnesium according to standard criteria. NH4-N ranged from 1.40 to 1.96 mgL-1 which is below the recommended maximum limit for irrigation water. Carbonate and bi-carbonate concentrations varied from 0.08 to 0.54 and 0.73 to 2.07 meL-1, respectively. The concentration of nitrate (N0 -N), sulphur and phosphorus varied from 0.28 to 0.70, 0.49 to 2.34 and 0.002 to 0.40 mgL-1 (ppm), respectively. All the anion concentrations were below the recommended maximum limits for irrigation water according to standard criteria. The pH of the water samples in the study area were found to be. varied from 6.53 to 7.57 which are practically neutral to slightly alkaline. Normal range of pH in irrigation water varies from 6.0 to 8.5 (Ayers and Wescot, 1985). The pH values were well within the normal range of irrigation quality according to standard criteria. Although the pH is not directly related to soil, plant and animal health, but has been applied widely and successfully over many years to ensure the wholesomeness of water.

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