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Effect of Salinity on Summer Mungbean Cultivars

M. Tariqul lslam
Crop physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

M. M. U. Khan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A. K. M. A. Prodhan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, to observe the effect of salinity on growth and yield of three summer mungbean cultivars namely BINA mug-2, BINA mug-5 and BARI mug-5. Salinity levels were 2.94, 5.86 dS/m with a control (0.22 dS/m). Plant height, total dry matter, number of leaves and leaf area per plant, K⁺ content in leaves, number of pods and seeds per plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and total dry matter per plant and harvest index were gradually decreased and Na⁺ content in leaves was increased with the increase of salinity. Under the salinity treatments plant height, leaf area per plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant and harvest index were the highest in BINA mug-5 compared to those in BINA mug-2 and BARI mug-5.

Keywords: Salinity, Mungbean, Yield

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 10-03-2004

End Date: 25-05-2004

Program Area:

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To salinity stress may be helpful in breeding salt tolerant cultivars. So, the work was undertaken to assess the effect of salinity stress on growth and yield of mungbean cultivars and to evaluate their salt tolerance level

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) during 10 March to 25 May 2004 to observe the effect of salinity on three mungbean cultivars viz. BINA mug-2, BINA mug-5 and BARI mug-5. A total of 54 plastic pots were prepared. Each pot contained 6.5 kg soil. Cowdung 65 g pot^-1 was applied at the rate of 10 ton/ha. Fertilizers were applied in the amount of 0.195 g Urea, 0.455 g TSP and 0.227 g MP per pot at the rate of 30, 70 and 35 kg per hectare as Urea, TSP and MP, respectively. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Adding 3.968 g and 7.938 g of NaCI in pot in 2 equal splits at weekly intervals made soil salinity of 2.94 and 5.86 dS/m, respectively. At 38 days after sowing (DAS), the following treatments were started and maintained until harvest: T₀ =Control, no salt was added (Average EC was found to be 0.22 dS/m) T ₁= 3.9.68 g NaCI required for 60% FC in the soils (Soil salinity obtained, EC= 2.94 dS/m) T₂ = 7.938 g NaCI required for 60% FC in the soils (Soil salinity obtained, EC= 5.86 dS/m) Number of primary and secondary branches, number of leaves and leaf area per plant, Na+ and K+ content in leaves at 50 DAS, plant height, number of pods and seeds per plant, 1000-grain weight, total dry matter (TDM) per plant and harvest index at maturity were recorded. The collected data were analyzed using "Analysis of variance" technique with statistical program MSTAT-C. The mean differences were compared with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 32(2): 215-219, July, 2005

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant height decreased with the increase of salinity. BINA mug-5 had the highest plant height. Other two cultivars had similar plant height, which was shorter. than that of BINA mug-5. Interaction effect of salinity and cultivar was insignificant. The gradual decrease of plant height could be due to inhibited cell division or cell enlargement for salinity stress.Number of leaves and leaf area per plant were decreased with the increase of salinity . The highest number of leaves was found in BINA mug-5, which was statistically similar to BINA mug-2. BARI mug-5 had the lowest number of leaves. BINA mug-2 produced the highest number of leaves under control and BARI mug-5 showed the lowest number of leaves under higher salinity level. Leaf area was decreased with the increase of salinity. The maximum leaf area was observed in BINA mug-5 followed by BARI mug-5 and BINA mug-2. BINA mug-5 produced the maximum leaf area under control and the minimum leaf area was observed in BINA mug-2 under higher salinity level. The results are in agreement with Bernstein (1964) who reported reduced number of leaves under salinity. Salinity stress' might inhibit photosynthesis to produce enough assimilates which resulted in lower number of leaves and leaf area per plant.Harvest index (HI) decreased with the increase of salinity . The highest HI was found in BINA mug-5 followed by BINA mug-2 and BARI mug-5. BINA mug-5 showed the highest HI under all the salinity treatments and BARI mug-5 showed the lowest HI under both the salinity levels. The above results show that the growth, yield attributes and yield of mungbean genotypes were decreased with the increase of salinity. BINA mug-5 showed better performance on almost all the parameters studied. BARI mug-5 showed less tolerance to imposed salinity of 2.94 and 5.86 dS/m.

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