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Allelopathic Effect of Brassica on Weed Control and Yield of Wheat

P. K. Biswas
Dept. of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

M. M. Morshed
Dept. of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

M. J. Ullah
Dept. of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

I. J. lrin
Dept. of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy farm of Sher-e-Bangia Agricultural University to identify the allelopathic effect of Brassica species along with their incorporation methods to control weeds in wheat field. The experiment was assigned in a split-plot design where three cultivated Brassica spp. were in the main plot and five different ways of green Brassica biomass inclusion were in the sub-plot. Brassica crops were uprooted at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and incorporated to the soil@ 0.5 kg m^-2 as per treatment. Wheat seeds were sown on December 04, 2007 using 20 cm line to line distance. Weeds e.g., Amaranthus spinosus, A. viridis, Lindernia procumbens, He/iotropium indicum, Polygonum hydropiper, Celosis argentina, Ageratum conyzoides, Brassica kaber and Digitaria ischaemum were not found in the wheat field. Significantly the highest weed dry matter (1.72 g m^-2) was found in Brassica juncea plots at 30 DAS but in Brassica napus field (1.44 g m^-2) at 50 DAS. The lowest weed dry matter at 30 DAS (0.89 g m^-2) was recorded with total incorporation of Brassica biomass to the soil but 50% incorporation and 50% spreading at 50 DAS. The Brassica biomass spreading above ground, mixed with soil and 50% spreading + 50% mixed with soil resulted positively compared to other ways of biomass incorporation. The highest grain yield (3.83 t ha^-1) of wheat was given by Brassica juncea when spreaded on the above ground soil.

Keywords: Allelopathy, Weed control, Rapeseed/mustard, Wheat

Location: Agronomy farm of Sher-e-Bangia Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-11-2007

End Date: 00-03-2008

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Wheat, Mustard

Objectives:

To study the allelopathic effect of Rapeseed and Mustard in controlling weeds in Wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy farm of Sher-e-Bangia Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, during the period from November 2007 to March 2008 in a silty clay loam soil having low organic matter (0.82%) and slightly acidic soil (pH 5. 47-5. 63). Three Brassica varieties one from campestris (BARI Sarisha-15), one from juncea (BARI Sarisha-11) and the other from napus (BARI Sarisha-13) species were sown on November 02, 2007. The crop was fertilized with 180-100-180-60-10-5 kg ha^-1 of urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum , Boric acid and Zinc oxide, respectively of which half of urea and the full amount of other fertilizers applied as basal dose. As the crops were uprooted, no additional urea fertilizer was applied . Weeding, mulching and thinning were done at 20 DAS (days after seeding}. The Brassica crop was uprooted at 30 DAS and the land was then ploughed and cross ploughed , leveled and fertilized as per recommendation of wheat. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. Three Brassica species was assigned in the main plot and six different ways of biomass incorporation (No biomass application, biomass spreading above the ground , biomass mixed with soil, biomass spreading in lines and 50% biomass as spreading + 50% biomass as mixed with soil) in the sub plot. The wheat variety Shatabdi (BARI Gom-21) was sown on 04 December, 2007 maintaining 20 cm line distance. One third urea and the full amount of other fertilizers were applied as basal and the rest urea in two equal splits at CRI stage. and before flowering stage. All the intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Weed data was recorded on 30 and 50 DAS. The yield and other data were recorded using standard procedure. The collected data were analyzed and the mean differences evaluated by least significant difference test (LSD).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J 2014, 17(1): 73-80

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Irrespective of three studied species, Brassica crop has significant role to suppress weed in wheat field . The nature of weed suppression varied among the incorporation methods. The higher grain yield of wheat was found with the incorporation of Brassica juncea biomass as spreading above ground . It is necessary to isolate the allelochemical in Brassica for implementing such eco-friendly method of weed control.

Knowledge Management: Journal