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Effect of Irrigation and Nitrogen on the Yield and Quality of Wheat Under Non-calcareous Dark-gray Floodplain Soil

M.S Islam
On-farm Research Division (OFRD), Barind Station, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

M.R. Uddin
Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.Y.A. Pramanik
Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Khamarbari, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M.A.R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

N. Islam
Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of different levels of nitrogen (control, 50,100 and 150 kg N ha^{- 1} and irrigation (no, one, two and three irrigation) on the performance of shourav variety of wheat was conducted in a split plot design during Rabi season of 2000-2001 at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to find out the optimum level of nitrogen and irrigation for ensuring higher seed yield and quality of wheat. Nitrogen and irrigation application was found to be better than control on the crop characters and contributed to maximum grain and straw yields. The levels of 150 kg Nha^-1 and three irrigation produced the highest response in respect of seed yield, 2.69 tha^-1 and 2.81 tha^-1 respectively. Protein content of wheat seed increased with the increasing levels of irrigation and nitrogen. The highest seed protein was recorded with three irrigation and applying of 150 kg Nha^-1, 12.74% and 13.21%, respectively. The highest seed yield (3.65 tha^-1 and seed protein (13.33%) was also recorded in the treatment combination of three irrigation and 150 kg Nha^-1.

Keywords: Irrigation, Nitrogen, Yield and quality, Wheat

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-03-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To find out the optimum level of nitrogen and irrigation for maximum seed yield of wheat and increase of protein content of wheat seed.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2000 to March 2001. The treatments of the experiment consisted of four levels of irrigation (no irrigation, one irrigation, two irrigation and three irrigation) and four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The irrigation treatments were assigned in the main plots and the nitrogen rates in the sub-plots. The unit plot size was 4.0m x 2.5m. The distance maintained between two unit plots was 1.5 m and that between blocks 2m. The land was prepared by using power tiller, country plough and ladder. It was further ploughed and cross-ploughed 6 times followed by laddering. The land was cleaned by collecting and removing the weeds and stubbles. The bunds around individual plots were made firm enough to control water movement between plots. Soil samples were collected at 0-15 em soil depth and analyzed and then calculated to find out fertilizer dose. Fertilizer were applied at the rates of 80 kg P₂0₅, 60 kg K₂0, 25 kg S, 5 kg Zn ha^-1 in the form of triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP), gypsum and zinc sulphate, respectively. Nitrogen was applied through urea as per experimental treatment. The crop was harvested plot-wise on 28 March 2001 when most of the plants started drying up. Data were taken from each plot on randomly selection basis. The plant height was measured from ground level to the tip of the upper most spikelet of the spike excluding awn. The 1000-grain weight, grain and straw yields were recorded after proper sun drying and cleaning. The recorded data were analyzed statistically and mean differences were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 32(1): 29-35, January, 2005

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Irrigation and nitrogen interacted significantly for seed as well as straw yield. The highest seed yield (3.65 t ha^-1) and straw yield (4.01 t ha^-1) were found in combination with three irrigation and 150 kg N ha^-1. The second highest seed yield (3.18 t ha^-1) was obtained with the treatment combination of three irrigation and 100 kg N ha^-1 and the lowest seed (1.00 t ha^-1) and straw yield (1.70 t ha^-1) were obtained with no irrigation combined with no nitrogen treatment which was statistically identical to no irrigation combined with 50 kg N ha-1 . Agarwal and Yadav (1978) observed similar results. Harvest index was not significantly influenced by the interaction between irrigation and nitrogen fertilization. Numerically, the highest harvest index (47.71 %) was observed in the treatment combination of three irrigation and 150 kg N ha^-1 and the lowest (37.03 %) with no irrigation and no nitrogen treatment

Knowledge Management: Journal