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Yield of Transplant Aman Rice as Affected by Cultivars, Depth of Transplanting and Sources of Nitrogenous Fer,tilizer

M.A.R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.H. Kabir
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Yield of BR4 and BR11 rice cultivars as affected by different depths of transplanting and sources of N-fertilizers have been assessed. Rice cultivar BR11 planted to a depth of 3 cm and fertilized with USG gave the highest grain yield. Yield of BR4 rice cultivar was similar at different depths of transplanting whether fertilized with urea or USG fertilizers. Grain yield of BR11 was reduced due to 9 cm deep transplanting when fertilized with USG. Rice cultivar BR11 fertilized with USG appeared as the promising one when transplanted to 3 cm depth in respect of grain yield.

Keywords: Transplant aman rice, Depth of transplanting, N-fertilizer

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 12-08-1999

End Date: 23-12-1999

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the yield of transplant aman rice as affected by cultivars depth of transplanting and sources of nitrogenous fertilizers.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from August to December 1999. The experimental site belongs to old Brahmaputra floodplain (AEZ-9) with medium topography and loamy texture. The experimental soil contained 5.6 pH, 1.45% organic matter, 0.06% nitrogen, 0.32 m e potassium/100 g soil and 3 mg phosphorous, 14 mg sulphur and 2 mg zinc/10 ml soil solution. The experiment comprised of two cultivars of transplant aman rice, viz. BR4 and BR11; three depths of transplanting viz. 3 cm, 6 cm and 9 cm; and three sources of nitrogenous fertilizers viz. prilled urea, urea super granules (USG) and control. The experiment was carried out in a split-split plot design with three replications. Rice cultivars were placed in the main plots, depth of transplanting in the subplots and sources of N fertilizer in the sub-sub plots of 4.0 m x 2.5 m size.Thirty five day old seedlings were transplanted at 25 cm x 15 cm spacing. The depths of transplanting were maintained with the graduated bamboo sticks. Weeding was done twice at 15 and 30 DAT. No pest control measures were taken as the crop was not attacked by insects and diseases. Grain and straw yields were determined by harvesting central 5 m² (2.5m x 2.0m) harvest area while the yield components were determined from ten randomly pre selected hills from the sampling area excluding border hills and outside the harvest area. Data were analyzed statistically and mean differences were adjudged with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 31(1): 19-24, January, 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Cultivars differed in plant height which might have occurred due to their differences in genetic make up. Cultivar BR4 produced taller plants than cultivar BR11 Plant height was significantly affected by the interaction between cultivar and sources of N-fertilizer . The tallest plant was found in cultivar BR4 fertilizer with USG and the shortest plant was found in cultivar BR11 not fertilized with nitrogen at all. Cultivar BR4 was always superior to cultivar BR11 whether fertilized with urea or USG in respect of plant heigh tBR4 gave similar yield at various depths of transplanting irrespective of sources of N fertilizer. In general, the grain yield of BR11 rice increased when planted to a particular depth and fertilized with urea and USG in comparison to the crop not fertilized with nitrogen. The highest grain yield was o.btained in BR11 rice planted to a depth of 3 cm and fertilized with USG. In case of BR4 the highest grain yield was recorded at 9 cm depth with USG. The lowest grain yield was obtained in BR4 rice planted to a depth of 6 cm and fertilized with either urea or USG. Variations in grain yield between the two cultivars occurred mainly due to their differences in genetic make up. Cultivar BR4 being tall statured could tolerate deep transplanting (9 cm) and could absorb nitrogen more efficiently from deeply placed USG fertilize producing the highest number of effective tillers hill^-1 ) and ultimately the highest grain yield. On the other hand, BR11 produced the highest number of effective tillers hill^-1 , at shallow transplanting (3 cm) which was mainly responsible for its highest grain yield. There are reports that shallow transplanting is advantageous over deep transplanting in respect of grain yield of rice. The superiority of USG over urea in respect of grain yield in rice has been demonstrated elsewhere. Straw yield was significantly affected by the sources of N fertilizer . It was observed that the crop fertilized with urea and USG produced significantly higher straw yield in comparison to the crop receiving no nitrogen fertilizer at all. BRRI (1990) reported that rice crop fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizer produced higher straw yield compared to non fertilized crop. However, the crop fertilized with urea and USG gave similar straw yield. Production of taller plants and more tillers hill^-1 in the urea and USG treated crop were mainly responsible for the higher straw yield. Straw yield was not significantly affected by cultivar, depth of transplanting and various interactions involved in the experiment. Grain yield of transplant amman rice,cv. BR11 and cv. BR4 can be maximized by maintaining transplanting depths of 3 cm and 9 cm, respectively and by applying USG instead of prilled urea.

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