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Development of Alloplasmic Brassica Species: Crossability and Embryo Rescue

L. Rahman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

S. Naz
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.R. Molla
Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymenslngh- 2202. Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in the field laboratory. green house and tissue culture laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period of July 2004 to September 2005 on embryo rescue of Brassica interspecies hybrids and subsequent development of alloplasmic species. Representative varieties of Brassica campestris, B. juncea and B. napus were used. The embryo rescued 92 plants were treated with Colchicine, where from only 11 colchiploids were collected. One plant from the hybrids of Bina-4 ( B.napus )x Safal (B.campestris), three plants each from Bina-5 (B.napus) x Sampad (B.campestris) and Daulat (B.juncea) and two plants each from Bina-4 x Agrani (B.campestris) and Daulat. The results showed that in all cases the varieties of B. napus (Bina-4 and Bina-5) were the maternal plant. In case of pollen donor except Daulat (B. juncea) all were Brassica campestris. The B. napus and B. campestris crosses are usually considered to be the introgression of AA genome of B. campestris to the AACC genomic positions of the B. napus. Out of the 11 plants originally selected as colchiploids, finally seeds of two plants could be collected from second generation. The plants from these seeds as plant-row have been grown in the field during this winter season (2004-2005). Subsequent selection related regeneration and biotechnological studies on these materials are in progress.

Keywords: Alloplasmic Brassica, Embryo rescue, Amphidiploids, Auto-tetraploids, Colchiploids

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2003

End Date: 00-03-2004

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To obtain alloplasmic Brassica having combinations of desirable traits of both the species.

Methodology:

Seven varieties of Brassica species covering Brassica campestris, Brassica juncea and Brassica napus were taken in this experiment. The parental materials were grown in well prepared soil in the field laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural university, Mymensingh during two winter seasons covering the months of November to March of 2003 and 2004. Seeds were sown in the plots of 1.5x1.5m size on 201 November 2003. The row distance was 25 cm while that between seeds in a row was 5 cm. The experiment was designed with 3 replications in RCBD. Recommended doses of fertilizers were applied and other intercultural operations were performed during experimentation. During flowering around 100 buds for each cross combination were pollinated. In order to get optimum embryonic development the following techniques were adopted.They were; Embryo rescue technique and chromosome doubling technique.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 33(1): 27-33, January, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Out of 1203 only 265 embryos were obtained and from which 92 F₁ plants survived after hardening.The results showed that in all cases the varieties of B. napus (Bina-4 and Bina-5) were the maternal plant. In case of pollen donor except Daulat (B. juncea) all were Brassica campestris. The B. napus and B. campestris crosses are usually considered to be the introgression of AA genome of B. campestris to the AACC genomic positions of the B. napus. Out of the 11 plants originally selected as colchiploids, finally seeds of two plants could be collected from second generation. The plants from these seeds as plant-row have been grown in the field during this winter season (2004-2005). Subsequent selection related regeneration and biotechnological studies on these materials are in progress.

Knowledge Management: Journal