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Phytoremediation of Arsenic Contaminated Soils with Naturaly Grown Weeds

N. Mitra
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.W. Zaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

R. Sultana
Department of Agricultural Chemistry Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was carried out in the net house of Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh with nine naturally grown weed species for the possible development of phytoremediation technology. The soil was collected from village Vavokhali, sadar union, Mymensingh having 2.56 mg/kg As initially. The experiment comprised of seven As treatments viz 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg/kg As added as NaAs0₂. The highest concentration of Arsenic (32.375mg/kg) in root was observed in the 100 mg/kg As treated joina and lowest (0.175 mg/kg) was found in the root of control panilong. But due to highest biomass production, water cress accumulated highest amount of arsenic followed by joina, barnyard grass and malancha. Arsenic absorption was in order of root>shoot. This sequence of As absorption would presumably naturally safeguard our domestic herbivorous animals as well as human from As poisoning. Arsenic showed significant negative effect on biomass production of the weeds.

Keywords: Arsenic, Phytoremediation, Biomass

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2003

End Date: 00-11-2003

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Contamination of soil

Objectives:

To assess arsenic accumulation by selected naturally grown weeds and to observe the effect of different levels of added As on the growth of the weeds.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at BAU, Mymensingh from July to November 2003. The soil was collected from village Vabokhali, Sadar union, Mymensingh. This soil contained 2.56 mg/kg arsenic. The experiment was carried out in CRD with three replications.There were seven treatments with arsenic viz, 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg/kg (soil basis) from NaAs0₂ (Na-arsenate). Urea, TSP, MOP and Gypsum were added at the rate of 135, 100, 70 and 60 kg/ha ,respectively to each pot.The weed seedlings were collected from unaffected areas of Mymensing district. The weeds included barnyard grass (Echinoch/oa crusgai!J), yellow nut sedge (Cyperus rotundas), joina (Fimbristylis miliacea), chesra (Scirpus juncoids) , panilong (Luduwigia hyssopifolia) topapana (Pistia stratiotes), water taro (Monochoria hastata), water cress (Enhydra fluctuants) and malancha (Aiternanthera philoxeroides). The weed seedlings were transplanted in the experimental pots on 23^rd September, 2003. Three seedlings were transplanted in each pot..Plant height was measured from the ground level to the top of plants and number of leaves for each plant was recorded at full maturity stage. The plants were harvested at 45 days of transplanting on 8^th November, 2003. The post harvest soils were also collected from each pot to evaluate the remaining As status in the soil. After proper washing, the samples were air dried followed by oven drying at 60⁰C for 24 hours. The weeds were weighed separately for root and shoot. A representative sample of 0.5 g for plant and 1 g for soil was taken into a clean dry 100 ml conical flask for the analysis of arsenic. The data were statistically analyzed with the help of a computer package program MSTATC by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) as outlined by Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 33(1): 73-79, January, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest biomass was found at control and the lowest at 100 mg/kg as treatment. The highest concentration of Arsenic (32.375 mg/kg) in root was observed in 100 mg/kg As treated joina and lowest (0.175 mg/kg) was found in root of control panilong. In case of root, the highest concentration was recorded in malancha (2.775 mg/kg) with 100 mg/kg As treatment and the lowest in topapana (0 mg/kg) under control condition. Significant differences, under different treatments were recorded in the uptake of As in different weeds. Highest uptake was found in water cress (42.76 µg/pot) and lowest was found in topapana (0.172t g/pot). But due to highest biomass production, water cress accumulated highest amount of arsenic followed by joina: barnyard grass and malancha. Arsenic absorption was in order of root>shoot. This sequence of As absorption would presumably naturally safeguard our domestic herbivorous animals as well as human from As poisoning. Arsenic showed significant negative effect on biomass production of the weeds.

Knowledge Management: Journal