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Effect of Integrated Use of Organic Manures with Chemical Fertilizers in the Rice-rice Cropping System and Its Impact on Soil Health

M.E. Ali
Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M . R. ISLAM
Professor
Deptt. of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

M. JAHIRUDDIN
Professor
Deptt. of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 at BAU farm, Mymensingh to evaluate the suitability of different sources of organic materials for integrated use with chemical fertilizers for the Boro- Fallow-T. Aman rice cropping pattern. Eight treatments, formulated from organic manure and chemical fertilizers were imposed. The treatment combinations are T₁ : control, T₂_: 70% NPKS, T₃: 100% NPKS, T₄ : 70% NPKS +rice straw (RS)@ 5 t/ha, T₅: 70% NPKS + dhaincha (DH) @ 15 t/ha, T₆: 70% NPKS + mungbean residue (MBR) @ I 0 t/ha, T₇: 70% NPKS + cowdung (CD)@ 5 t/ha and T₈: 70% NPKS +poultry manure (PM)@ 3 t/ha. Organic manure or crop residue was applied to T. Aman rice and their residual effects were observed in the following Boro rice. Application of 70% NPKS + PM produced the highest grain yield of T. Aman rice, which was identical to that obtained with I 00% NPKS with no manure. In Boro season. application of I00% NPKS produced the highest grain yield of 6.87 t/ha, which was identical with the application of 70% NPKS + PM (6.57 t/ha). The total grain yield in the cropping pattern ranged from 5. 14 t/ha in T ₁ (control) treatment to 12.29 t/ha in the 100% NPKS. The application of 3 t/ha PM with 70% NPKS (T₈) produced the total yield of 12.09 t/ha followed by 11.59 t/ha in the treatment containing I0 t/ha MBR plus 70% NPKS (T₆). It appears that the application of 3 t/ha PM once in a year with 70% NPKS can reduce the use of 30% NPKS as fertilizers. There were negative balances for N and K with the highest mining of K, while the balances for P and S were positive. The economic analysis reveals that most of the treatments produced BCR (benefit cost ratio) of more than 3.0 showing that they all are economically viable. The integrated use of fertilizers and manure resulted in considerable improvement in soil health by increasing organic matter, available P, and S contents of soils. The overall findings of the study indicate that the integrated use of chemical fertilizer and manure is important for sustainable crop yield in a rice-rice cropping pattern.

Keywords: Organic manures, Chemical fertilizer, Soil health

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2004

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of combined use of chemical fertilizers and organic manure in a rice-rice cropping system.

Methodology:

The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Eight treatments, formulated from organic manure and chemical fertilizers have been imposed. The treatment combinations are T ₁ : control, T₂: 70% NPKS, T₃: 100% NPKS, T₄ : 70% NPKS +rice straw (RS)@ 5 t/ha, T₅: 70% NPKS + dhaincha (DH) @ 15 t/ha, T₆: 70% NPKS + mungbean residue (MBR) @ I 0 t/ha, T₇: 70% NPKS + cowdung (CD)@ 5 t/ha and T₈: 70% NPKS +poultry manure (PM)@3 t/ha. Organic manure or crop residue was applied to T. Aman rice and their residual effects were observed in the following Boro rice. Thirty-five days old seedlings were used for transplanting in both Boro and T. Aman seasons. T. Aman was transplanted on 5 August and harvested on 29 November 2003. For Boro, the crop was transplanted on 28 January and harvested on 29 May 2004. Mungbean was grown during April to July and Dhaincha during May to July in the field adjacent to the experimental plots. Sixty and sixty-five days old decomposed dhaincha and mungbean residue were applied 4 days before transplanting of T. Aman rice. Urea was applied in three equal splits. Organic manure was applied to soil before final land preparation. All the data were analyzed statistically following the F-test and the mean comparisons were made by DMRT at 5% level.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34( I) : 81-90, March 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of 70% NPKS + PM produced the highest grain yield of T. Aman rice, which was identical to that obtained with I 00% NPKS with no manure. In Boro season, application of I00% NPKS produced the highest grain yield of 6.87 t/ha, which was identical with the application of 70% NPKS + PM (6.57 t/ha). The total grain yield in the cropping pattern ranged from 5. 14 t/ha in T ₁ (control) treatment to 12.29 t/ha in the 100% NPKS. The application of 3 t/ha PM with 70% NPKS (T₈) produced the total yield of 12.09 t/ha followed by 11.59 t/ha in the treatment containing I 0 t/ha MBR plus 70% NPKS (T₆). It appears that the application of 3 t/ha PM once in a year with 70% NPKS can reduce the use of 30% NPKS as fertilizers. There were negative balances for N and K with the highest mining of K, while the balances for P and S were positive. The economic analysis reveals that most of the treatments produced BCR (benefit cost ratio) of more than 3.0 showing that they all are economically viable. The integrated use of fertilizers and manure resulted in considerable improvement in soil health by increasing organic matter, available P, and S contents of soils. The overall findings of the study indicate that the integrated use of chemical fertilizer and manure is important for sustainable crop yield in a rice-rice cropping pattern.The findings of the experiment revealed that 70% of recommended dose of chemical fertilizers and 3 tons poultry manure per hectare performed better production. Therefore, 30 percent of chemical fertilizer may be replenished by organic manure which is economically viable for the farmers.

Knowledge Management: Journal