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Dietary Protein and Energy Interactions-an Approach to Optimizing Dietary Protein to Energy Ratio in Walking Catfish, Clarias Batrachus

M. Zulfikar Ali
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

M. Enamul Hoq
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh 220I, Bangladesh

M. Mominuzzaman Khan
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute Freshwater Station, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

S.U. Ahammed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An 8 weeks feeding trial was conducted in a static indoor rearing system to investigate protein to energy ratio (P/E ratio) in walking catfish Clarias batrachus. Six fishmeal based diets of two protein levels (25 and 35%), each with three lipid levels (5, 10 and 15%) resulted in P/E ratios ranging from 13.57 to 21.97 mg protein kJ^-1gross energy (GE) were fed to 50 fish in triplicate. Fish were fed 6% of their body weight three times per day adjusted fortnightly. Significantly higher (p<0.05) growth rates in terms of weight gain, % weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) were evident in fish fed with higher protein diet. The highest growth rate was found by fish fed 35% protein, 17.06 kJ^-1 GE with a PIE ratio of 20.55 mg protein kJ^-1 GE. Significantly better (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) was also evident in fish fed with higher protein diet and best FCR was found by fish fed 35% protein, 10% lipid, 17.06 kJ^-1 GE with a PIE ratio of 20.55 mg protein kJ^-1 GE. Significantly indifferent (p>0.05) values of protein utilization were found in between the both (higher and lower) protein diets. Higher lipid deposition (p< (l.05) in whole body was observed with increasing dietary lipid level at each protein diet and as higher (p<0.05) for the lower protein diets. The study reveals that C. batrachus performed best the diet containing 35°1<), 17.06 kJ g^-1 and 20.55 mg protein kJ g^-1 GE protein, gross energy and PIE ratio respectively.

Keywords: Clarias batrachus, Protein to energy ratio, Dietary protein and Lipid levels

Location: Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Station, Mymensingh 220I, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To evaluate dietary protein and energy interactions and their influence on growth, feed and protein utilization and body composition leading to optimization of P/E ratio for Clarias batrachus

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in a static indoor rearing system with 18 cylindrical fibre glass tanh (80 cm diameter, 75 cm deep, 70-L each). Artificial aeration was used to maintain an adequate level of dissolve oxygen in each test tank. About sixty percent of the water in the system was replaced biweekly to avoid accumulation of waste products. Water quality parameters such as temperature (27.00-34.50 ºC), pH (6.65-8.10), dissolved oxygen (5.50-750 mg/L) and ammonia (0.12-0.29 mg/L) remained within acceptable ranges for Clarias batrachus. Eight hundred 10-week old (average weight 1.15±0.05 g) for Clarias batrachus fingerlings were collected locally. Before starting the experiment the fish were acclimatized to the experimental condition for two weeks. Fish were randomly assigned into groups of 50 per 70-L cylindrical fibre glass tank. Each dietary treatment had three replications and the experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. The fish were individually weighed at the start and at the end of the experiment and bulk-weighed by tank fortnightly in between. Fortnightly bulk weights were used to adjust the daily feed ration for the following 2 weeks. The fish were offered the 'test diets three times daily at the rate of 6% of their body weight and sub-divided into three equal feeds at 9.30, 13.00 and 17.00h. At the onset of the experiment, IS fish were sacrificed The growth performance, feed utilization, and whole body composition data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Paired mean comparisons among the treatments were made using Duncan's Multiple Range Tests. A significance level of p<0.05 was used. Standard deviation (±SD) was calculated to identify the range of means. Percentage data were arc-sine transformed prior to ANOVA and reversed afterward. Third order polynomial regression analysis was employed to determine regression of specific growth rate (SGR, % day) on protein to energy ratio (P/E ratio).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries Research, pp: 9-17, Vol: 14 (1-2) 2010, ISSN:1026-6690

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study reveals that addition of dietary energy (lipid) at either protein level resulted in increases in growth and feed performance but that above 17.06 kJ g^-1 GE at 35% protein performance was reduced. In conclusion, walking catfish C. batrachus performed best the diet containing 35%, 17.06 kJ s and 20.55 mg protein kJ s^-1 GE protein, gross energy and PIE ratio respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal