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Morpho-molecular Characterization of Jute Varieties (corchorus Spp)

M. S. H. Khan
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

M. R. Molla
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

C. K. Saha
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

Hosne Ara Begum
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

L. Rahman
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was aimed to explore the genetic diversity and relationship among six varieties of jute using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and morphological comparisons. A total of 43 bands were generated by 3 arbitrary primers, of which 39 (90.69%) bands were found to be polymorphic. The highest proportion of polymorphic loci (46.51 %) and gene diversity (0.183) were observed in BJC-83, whereas lowest values 11.66 and 0.048 were noticed in CVE-3, respectively. The average value for intra-variety similarity indices was 70.07%, which was higher than the inter-variety similarity indices value (39.25%). UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance indicated that the six varieties were differentiated into two primary groups. Deshi jute varieties CVE-3, CVL-1 and BJC-83 formed one group with rough and bitter leaves where as tossa jute varieties 0-9897, 0-72 and OM-1 with smooth and non bitter leaves were clustered into another group. Within tossa jute group 0- 9897 and 0-72 with blue seeded non-glossy leaf varieties formed one cluster while the blue seeded, glossy-leaf variety OM-1 formed an individual cluster. The highest genetic distance (0.644) was observed between 0-72 and CVE-3. This may have happened because of different species having different geographical origins with dissimilar genetic background. This genetic distance information could be used by jute breeder for planning their breeding program for further improvement of jute variety.

Keywords: Jute, RAPD markers, Genetic diversity, Morphological traits.

Location: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in the year 2006.

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To determine the extent of genetic diversity and relatedness among the varieties using RAPD markers in comparison with morphological observations.

Methodology:

Six jute varieties were collected from Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in the year 2006. Genomic DNA was isolated from 10-15 days old seedlings following some modification (14). Approximately 100 mg tissue was cut into small pieces, homozinized and digested with extraction buffer [Tris 100 mM, EDTA 20 mM, NaCl2M CTAB 2%, PVP 2% and Marcapto ethanol 2%] at 65°C for 30 minutes. Then DNA was purified by extraction with Phenol: Chloroform: Isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1, v:v:v) and it was precipitated using ice cold isopropanol in presence of 0.3 M sodium acetate. Finally DNA was pelleted and washed in 70% ethanol, dried and dissolved in an appropriate volume of TE buffer (10mM Tris-HCI, ImM EDTA pH-S.O). After RNase treatment the DNA was extracted repeating the same protocol. Finally the pellets were washed with 600 µI absolute ethanol followed by 70% ice cold ethanol. The DNA was air dried and resuspended in TE buffer and stored at -20°C. The amplification conditions were employed with some modifications (15). PCR reactions were performed on each DNA sample in a 10 µI reaction mix containing 1 µI of l0x PCR buffer, 2µI of 10 µIM primer, IµI of 10 mM dNTPs (Bangalore Genei, India), 1 unit of Taq DNA polymerase, 100ng genomic DNA and a suitable amount of sterile deionized ultra pure water. DNA amplification was performed in an oil-free thermal cycler (Master Cycler Grandient, Eppendorf, Germany). The reaction mix was preheated at 94°C for 3 minutes followed by 40 cycles of 1 minutes denaturation at 94 C, 1 minute annealing at 35°C and extension at 72°C, for 2 minutes. After the last cycle, a final step of 7 minutes at 72°C was added to allow complete extension of all the amplified fragments. After completion of cycling program, reactions were held at 4°C. The amplified products were visually scored as '1' or '0' for the presence or absence of a particular band in each individual and each primer. The scores obtained using all primers in the RAPD analysis were then pooled for constructing a single data matrix. This was used for estimating polymorphic loci, Nei gene diversity, co-efficient of gene differentiation (GST), Genetic distance (D) and constracting a UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means) dendrogram using computer program POPGENE (Verson 1.31) (16). The same program was also used to perform pair wise homogeneity test across different loci.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Vol:XXIX (1-2), PP: 9-17, 2009, ISSN:0253-5424

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the study will be useful in the future breeding program. However more samples and primers are necessary to generate an appropriate genetic relationship among the jute varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal