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Diversity Analysis in Boro Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Accessions

M. S. AHMED
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

KHALEDA AKTER
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

M. KHALEQUZZAMAN
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

E. S. M. H. RASHID
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

M. K. BASHAR
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted with 36 accessions of traditional (local) Boro rice germplasm accessions of three different groups (20 accessions as Kaliboro, 12 as Jagliboro and 4 as Tepiboro) during Boro season 2004 at BRRI farm to identify the duplicates with the help of morph-agronomic characters. On the basis of D² values, the 36 genotypes were grouped into six clusters with a range of intra (0.00 for cluster II to 1.78 for cluster I) and inter cluster (1.99 between cluster I and III to 21.20 between cluster II and III) distances. Cluster I comprised the highest number of genotypes (10) and cluster II the lowest (1), while cluster III, IV, V, and VI included 6, 7, 5, and 7 genotypes, respectively. Differences in cluster means existed for almost all the characters. The highest mean value for seedling height (21.68 cm), 1000-grain weight (20.97 g) and grain yield/hill (6.87 g) were observed in cluster I, II for days to 50% flowering (116), panicle length (22.80 cm), grains/panicle (74), and grain length (8.35 mm), cluster IV for tillers/hill (16.44) and panicles/hill (14.17), cluster V for harvest index (0.32) along with cluster I and VI, and cluster VI for plant height (117.17 cm) and flag leaf area (30.68 cm²). None of the 12 characters had the highest mean value under cluster III. The canonical variate analysis showed in general that the important characters for the differentiation in the descending order of importance were grain length, days to 50% flowering, grains/panicle, grain yield/hill, panicle length, flag leaf area, plant height, seedling height, 1000-grain weight, panicles/hill, harvest index, and tillers/hill, but the similar name group accessions are not duplicate mainly due to dissimilarity of grain length, days to 50% flowering, grains/panicle and grain yield/hill characters. It is apparent from the results that the same name group accessions were quite different from each other.

Keywords: Boro, Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Germplasm.

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 12-12-2003

End Date: 21-05-2004

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To develop the 'core collection' of germplasm for BRRI Rice Genebank, these duplicate named germplasm need to be sorted out. Keeping this in mind, an experiment was conducted for sorting out whether the same name group accessions (Kaliboro, Jagliboro, Tepiboro) are same variety or not through diversity analysis.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted during Boro season 2004 at BRRI farm to identify the duplicate(s) germplasm preserved in BRRI Genebank that have same names but collected from different places of Bangladesh for the last two to three decades. For this, a total of 36 accessions of traditional (local) duplicate named Boro rice germplasm of three different groups (20 germplasm as Kaliboro, 12 as Jagliboro, and four as Tepiboro) were grown under transplanted condition with four replications using single row of 5.4 m long each per entry and 45 days old single seedling per hill with a spacing of 25 cm x 20 cm between rows and . plants, respectively. Fertilizers were applied @ 80:60:40 kg NPK/ha. Appropriate control measures for pest, disease, and weeds were taken whenever necessary. The data were collected from individual plant for seedling height (em), days to 50% flowering, tillers/hill, panicles/hill, panicle length (cm), plant height (cm), 1000-grain weight (g), flag leaf area (cm²), grains/panicle, grain length (mm), harvest index, and grain yield/hill (g). Genetic diversity and sorting the duplication of accessions based on their morpho-agronomic characters were studied. Clustering of genotypes was done. All the statistical analyses were done by GENSTAT 5 and SPSS programme.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 29-36, March 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Significant variations were recorded among the accessions for all the characters studied except grains/panicle and harvest index indicating the existence variation among the genotypes. The pattern of variation generated by the statistical analysis was demonstrated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The PCA produced eigen values of principal component for coordination of genotypes in which the first two axes accounted for 83.75 % of the total variation. On the basis of the principal axes I and II, a two dimension scatter diagram was prepared showing the groups into six clusters of varieties. From the above results, it appeared that contribution of grain length was the highest followed by days to 50% flowering, grains/panicle and grain yield/hill to the total divergence in Boro rice. Vector 1 obtained from PCA expresses that grain length, tillers/hill, seedling height, and 50 % flowering were the major characters that contribute to genetic divergence whereas in Vector 2, grain length, harvest index and panicles/hill played their role on genetic divergence and the rest of the characters have minor role in determining divergence. Therefore, it can be said that the similar name group accessions are not duplicate mainly due to dissimilarity of grain length, days to 50% flowering, grains/panicle and grain yield/hill. Finally, it can be concluded that all these Boro varieties are not duplicates in spite of having same name. Therefore, all the accessions need to be included in 'core collection' of conservational programme of germplasm in Genebank for total safeguarding of rice gene pool.

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