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Physiological Behaviour and Yield Performances of Hybrid Rice at Different Planting Dates in Aus Season

M M Haque
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

H R Pramanik
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymenshing-2202, Bangladesh.

J K Biswas
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate some physiological traits and yield of three hybrid rice varieties (BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera2 , and Tia) in comparison to BRRI dhan48 in Aus season. The experiments involved four planting dates (1 April, 16 April, 1 May and 16 May). Compared to BRRI dhan48, hybrid varieties accumulated greater shoot dry matter at anthesis, higher flag leaf chlorophyll at 2, 9, 16 and 23 days after flowering (DAF), flag leaf photosynthetic rate at 2 DAF and longer panicles. However, hybrid varieties demonstrated smaller remobilization of shoot reserve to grain and photosynthetic rate of its flag leaf at 9 and 16 DAF than BRRI dhan48. Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 maintained significantly higher chlorophyll a:b ratio over Tia and BRRI dhan48 at 2, 9, 16 and 23 DAF in their flag leaf. Shoot reserve remobilization to grain exhibited higher degree of sensitivity to rising of minimum temperature in the studied hybrids compared to the inbred. Inefficient photosynthetic activities of flag leaf and poor shoot reserve translocation to grain resulted poor grain filling percentage in the test hybrids. Consequently the studied hybrids showed significantly lower grain yield (ca. 36.7%) as compared to inbred BRRI dhan48, irrespective of planting date in Aus season.

Keywords: BRRI hybrid dahn2, Flag leaf, Grain filling, Translocation

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka and BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate some physiological characteristics and yield of hybrid rice varieties at different planting dates in Aus season.

Methodology:

Two experiments were carried out at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka and BRRI, Gazipur during Aus season 2009 and 2010, respectively including three hybrids (BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera2 and Tia) and one inbred (BRRI dhan48) varieties. Four planting dates (1 April, 16 April, 1 May, 16 and 16 May) were selected for each experiment. Both the experiments were laid out in split-plot design with three replications and assigned planting date to the main plot and variety to the sub-plot. The unit plot size was 4 m × 5 m (20 m²). Twenty-five-day-old seedlings were transplanted maintaining 25 cm x15 cm spacing and one seedling hill^-1 (for both hybrid and inbred varieties). Cowdung was applied in unit plot @ 5 t ha^-1 and chemical fertilizers such as urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate were applied @ 160, 100, 110, 40, and 10 kg ha^-1, respectively (BRRI, 2008). Standard intercultural operation and plant protection measures were taken as and when required. Flag leaf chlorophyll content was estimated according to Witham (1986) and flag leaf photosynthetic rate was measured with a portable photosynthesis system (Model: LI-6400, Li-COR Inc. USA) at 2, 9, 16 and 23 DAF only from the second experiment. Pre-anthesis shoot stem +(leaf) reserve translocation was calculated by net loss in dry weight of vegetative organs between pre-anthesis and maturity (Bonnett and Incoll, 1992). Data were recorded on yield and yield components at maturity. Daily maximum and minimum temperature of the experimental field was also recorded. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical computer package programme MSTAT-C (Russell, 1986) and the difference between the pairs of treatment mean was adjudged by DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 17(1&2): 7-14, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Compared to BRRI dhan48, hybrid varieties accumulated greater shoot dry matter at anthesis, higher flag leaf chlorophyll at 2, 9, 16 and 23 days after flowering (DAF), flag leaf photosynthetic rate at 2 DAF and longer panicles. However, hybrid varieties demonstrated smaller remobilization of shoot reserve to grain and photosynthetic rate of its flag leaf at 9 and 16 DAF than BRRI dhan48. Heera 2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 maintained significantly higher chlorophyll a:b ratio over Tia and BRRI dhan48 at 2, 9, 16 and 23 DAF in their flag leaf. Shoot reserve remobilization to grain exhibited higher degree of sensitivity to rising of minimum temperature in the studied hybrids compared to the inbred. Inefficient photosynthetic activities of flag leaf and poor shoot reserve translocation to grain resulted poor grain filling percentage in the test hybrids. Consequently the studied hybrids showed significantly lower grain yield (ca. 36.7%) as compared to inbred BRRI dhan48, irrespective of planting date in Aus season.

Knowledge Management: Journal