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Phosphorus Response and Use Efficiency of Lowland Rice at Different Soil Phosphorus Levels

P K Saha
Principal Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI

M R Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI

S K Zaman
Chief Scientific Officer and Head
Soil Science Division, BRRI

N I Bhuiyan
Ex Director General
BRRI; Gazipur

M A Saleque
Principal Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

We conducted a field experiment during three consecutive years at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm, Gazipur, Bangladesh (AEZ 28) on an aeric haplaquept soil with different levels of soil available P (modified Olsen) under Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern. In this study, we wanted to know the response behaviour of wet land rice (cv. BRRI dhan29 (Boro) and BR11 (T. Aman)) to rates of added P fertilizers under different levels of soil available P and to determine P use efficiency and P nutrient accumulation during maturity stage. Results showed that P fertilizer @ 15 kg P ha-1 for each season (Boro and T. Aman) produced 8-9 t ha-1 yr-1 grain yield, where soil available P is less than 7 mg kg-1 (modified Olsen). Amount of P fertilizer application can be reduced to a variable extent for the same level of grain yield, where the soil P is more than 7 mg kg-1 with similar soil characteristics. Phosphorus use efficiencies were significantly decreased with increasing the levels of soil available P and added P rates.

Keywords: Phosphorus, Use Efficiency, Lowland Rice, Soil Phosphorus Levels

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-1993

End Date: 00-12-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To know the response behaviour of wetland rice to rates of added P fertilizers under different levels of soil available P and to determine P use efficiency, and P nutrient accumulation during the maturity stage.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the long-term P frequency experimental plots under Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern at the BRRI farm, Gazipur (AEZ-28). The soil was an aeric haplaquept. Initial surface soil was a clay loam in texture, neutral in reaction (pH 7.1) and had organic C 1.0% and soil available P 8.5 mg kg-1 (modified Olsen). Over the previous six years 300, 150, 100, 75 and 0 kg P ha-1 were applied using TSP in five treatments depending on variations in frequencies of P fertilizer application. At the end of six years of cropping, these variable amounts of added P had resulted in five different levels of soil available P (modified Olsen), which were 13.5, 9.2, 6.6, 6.3 and 4.8 mg kg-1 respectively. In Boro 1993, a P response trial was initiated on the same layout to evaluate P response of rice under each level of soil available P, so that a rational P fertilizer recommendation based on soil available P could be made. This study was continued up to 1995. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Each plot was divided in to three sub-plots. In main plots were the soil available P levels. In the sub-plots three rates of P fertilizer (0, 15 and 30 kg P ha-1) from TSP were applied randomly under each level of soil available P. In Boro and T.Aman seasons two MV rice BRRI dhan29 and BR11 were tested respectively. All P fertilizer as per treatment was applied as basal and thoroughly incorporated with soil before planting. A blanket dose of NKS @ 140-35-20 and 120-35-20 kg ha-1 was applied for Boro and T. Aman respectively. Appropriate management practices were followed during each growing season. At maturity, grain (14% moisture) and straw (oven dry) yields were also recorded from each treatment following the standard procedures. Data on grain yield parameters were statistically analyzed following the IRRI STAT version 4.1 (IRRI, 1998). A portion of grain and straw samples was oven dried at 70 °C for three days and then ground in a Willey mill. These samples were analyzed for determination of P content by digesting with tri-acid mixture (Yoshida et al, 1972). Total P uptake was calculated. Agronomic efficiency (AE) (kg kg-1) and apparent P recovery (%) were calculated following the formula described by Dobermann, A and Fairhurst, T H (2000).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 16(1): 35-40, June 2012, ISSN 1025-7330

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on three years experiment, it is concluded that P fertilizer application @ 15 kg P ha-1 for each season (Boro and T. Aman) would be enough to produce 8-9 t ha-1 yr-1 grain yield, where soil available P is less than 7 mg kg-1 (modified Olsen). An amount of P fertilizer application can be reduced to a variable extent for the same level of grain yield, where the soil available P is more than 7 mg kg-1 with similar soil characteristics.

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