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Heterosis Test and Estimation of General and Specific Combining Ability of the Crossed Genotypes

Dr. Md. Kamrul Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Cotton Research, Training and Seed Multiplication Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur

Md. Akhteruzzaman
Additional Director
Cotton Development Board Khamarbari, Farmgate Dhaka

Dr. Md. Farid Uddin
Executive Director
Cotton Development Board Khamarbari, Farmgate Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to investigate the diallel analysis in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by involving six parents and their 30 cross combinations. The estimated general combining ability (GCA), was found significant for plant height and primary fruiting branch, specific combining ability (SCA) was found significant for plant height, vegetative branch, primary fruiting branch, secondary fruiting branch, boll number, boll weight and seed cotton yield. Besides, the reciprocal was found significant for node number of first fruiting branch, plant height, vegetative branch, primary fruiting branch, secondary fruiting branch, boll number, boll weight and seed cotton yield. All of the parents and F1 hybrids showed significant variation for seed cotton yield and yield contributing characters. The highest seed cotton yield 3969 kg ha^-1 was obtained from the hybrid IB-1 × IB-3.

Keywords: Cotton, Diallel cross, General combining ability, Specific combining ability

Location: Cotton Research, Training and Seed Multiplication Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cotton

Objectives:

Tto estimate the amount of heterosis, the GCA and SCA effects for yield contributing parameters among six different cotton genotypes and to determine appropriate parents and crosses for the maximization of seed cotton yield.

Methodology:

Genetic material:

A field experiment was conducted to estimate the heterosis and combining ability (GCA and SCA) of six cotton genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) viz. CB-10 (P1), CB-12 (P2), CB-9 (P3), IB-1 (P4), IB-2 (P5) and IB-3 (P6).

Experimental design and filed procedures:

The experiment was conducted at Cotton Research, Training and Seed Multiplication Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur. During 2012 -2013, six parents were grown in a crossing block. Each genotype was sown in 3 rows of 10 m length in crossing block with a spacing of 1m × 1m. Crosses were made between parents in a diallel mating design. The conventional hand emasculation and pollination were done, and crossed bolls were collected separately and ginned to obtain F1 seeds. During winter 2013-2014, six parents and 30 hybrids were grown in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The diallel analysis was performed as model 1 and method 1 suggested by Griffing (1956).

Sampling trait measurements and analysis:

In each genotypes and their cross combinations, data were recorded on ten randomly selected plants for yield contributing characters while the seed cotton yield was recorded from the net plot area. The data were analyzed by the PBTools (2013) developed by IRRI. Heterosis was calculated in term of percent increase (+) or decrease (-) of hybrid against its mid-parent values. Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) = (F1- MP)/MP,

where MP (mid-parent )=(P1 + P2) /2.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2014, Cotton Development Board, Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the parents and F₁ hybrids showed significant variation for seed cotton yield and yield contributing characters. Results revealed that among the 6 parents the node number of first fruiting branch (NFB) ranges between 6.5 to 7.0, plant height (PH) ranges between 121.4 cm to 147.3 cm, vegetative branch (VB) per plant ranges between 0.6 to 1.2, primary fruiting branch (PFB) ranges between 14.9 to 18.5, secondary fruiting branch per plant ranges between 2.3 to 4.3, boll per plant ranges between 28.7 to 39.1, individual boll weight ranges between 3.13g to 3.60g and the seed cotton yield ranges between 2422 kg ha-1 to 3015 kg ha-1. In case of hybrids, the node number of first fruiting branch ranges between 6.2 to 7.4, plant height ranges between 114.0 cm to 152.6 cm, vegetative branch ranges between 0.5 to 1.4, primary fruiting branch ranges between 13.6 to 23.1, secondary fruiting branch per plant ranges between 1.7 to 6.8, boll per plant ranges between 25.7 to 42.1, individual boll weight ranges between 2.96g to 5.71g and the seed cotton yield ranges between 2491kg ha-1 to 3969 kg ha^-1.The highest positive GCA, SCA and reciprocal effects were exhibited by the IB-3, CB-12× IB -2 and CB-9 × IB-2 respectively. All the combinations showed the different degree of heterosis for each character. The hybrid IB-1 x IB-3 manifested highly significant mid-parent heterosis (+45.35).

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings