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Effect of Irrigation Frequency and Fungicide Spray on Yield and Disease Infection of Onion

S.K. BISWAS
Scientific Officer,Water Management Division ,BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

M.A. RAZZAQUE AKANDA
Senior Scientific Officer, Irrigation and Water Management Division , BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

M. RAFI UDDIN
Senior Scientific Officer, HRC, RARS, BARI, Jessore- 7400, Bangladesh.

P. K. SARKER
Senior Scientific Officer, HRC, RARS, BARI, Jessore- 7400, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A two-year field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station , Jessore during the rabi seasons of 2002-2003 and 2003-2004 to find out the level of disease incidence under different levels of irrigation and fungicide spray on the bulb yield of onion. Four irrigation levels: no irrigation (11 ), irrigation at 10 days interval (12), 20 days interval (13), and 30 days interval (14) with 4 spray schedules: no spray (F1 ), one spray at 40 days after transplanting (DAT) (F2), two sprays each at 40 and 55 DAT (F3) and three sprays each at 40, 55, and 70 DAT (F4) were used. Yield and yield attributes varied significantly (p = 0.05) between sprayed and unsprayed, and irrigated and non-irrigated treatments, respectively. Higher yields were obtained with the higher frequencies of irrigation and spray. Application of fungicide reduced the disease severity significantly, while irrigation had no significant effect on disease infection. But there was a decreasing trend of the disease severity with increasing irrigation frequency.

Keywords: Onion, Disease incidence, Irrigation, Water use efficiency.

Location: At the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-2002

End Date: 00-00-2004

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of irrigation frequency and fungicide spray on the disease incidence as well as yield of onion.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore during the rabi season of 2002/03 and 2003/04. The soil of the experimental field was silty loam in texture having field capacity, 27.50 percent and bulk density, 1.48 glee. The experiment comprised of four irrigation treatments viz., no irrigation (11 ), irrigation at 10 (12), 20 (13), and 30 days intervals (14) as main factor and four fungicide spray treatments viz., no spray (F1 ), one spray with 2% Rovral at 40 days after transplanting (DAT) (F2), two sprays each at 40 and 55 DAT (F3) and three sprays each at 40, 55, and 70 DAT (F4) as sub-factor. These were laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The unit plot size was 3m x 2m and the row and plant spacings were 20cm and 10cm, respectively. The seedlings of onion were transplanted on 05 January 2003 and 02 January 2004. Fertilizer application rates were 90, 75, 120, and 20 kg/ha of N, P205, K20 and S, respectively. One-third of N in the form of urea and full P₂0₅, K₂0 and S in the form of triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MOP) and zypsum, respectively, were applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining two- thirds of urea were applied at 25 and 50 DAT as top dress. Soil moisture was determined before transplanting and after harvest to fmd out the amount of soil moisture depletion. It was also monitored before irrigations to estimate the amount of irrigation water needed to bring the soil moisture to field capacity. Measured quantity of irrigation water was applied to individual plot. Disease severity was recorded following the rating scale (0-5) as described below (Sharma, 1986):

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 417-424, September 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield and yield attributing parameters like plant height, number of leaves/plant, unit weight of bulb and biomass yield varied significantly among the irrigation treatments . Plant population showed no significant variation as crop establishment was ensured applying a common irrigation to all treatments just after transplanting of seedlings. Plant height and leaves per plant increased almost linearly with increasing the number of irrigation. These parameters were found maximum in the treatment which received irrigation at 10 days interval (12) and minimum in non-irrigated control treatment. A similar trend was observed in unit weight of bulb. Weight of single bulb was found more in irrigated treatments. Like other parameters, biomass and bulb yields were found to increase with increased frequencies of irrigation. The yield increase in irrigated treatments over the control ranged from 75.96 to 197.67%. The highest yield (11.52 tlha) of bulb was obtained from h receiving irrigation at 10 days interval, while the lowest (3.87 tlha) was obtained from non-irrigated treatment. It could be inferred that bulb yield of onion increases with increasing levels of irrigation upto a certain limit.

Knowledge Management: Journal