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Response of Cropping Patterns to Nitrogen Balance in Soil

Md. Monjurul Alam
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

Syed Alauddin Ahmad
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

A. H. Khan
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

Sirajul Hoque
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University Of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field trial was conducted at the Central Jute Research Station of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRl), Manikganj, during 2004 to 2007 to estimate the nitrogen balance in some important cropping patterns. The test crops were potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), jute (Corchorus olitorius L.), broadcast aus rice and transplanted aman rice (Oryza sativa L.). The. soil of the experimental site represents Melandha soil series under Noncalcareous Brown Floodplain soil (General Soil Type) which belongs to Agro Ecological Zone No.8 (Young Brahmaputra and Jumuna Floodplain). Different cropping patterns including and/or excluding jute were used as treatments. Experiment was conducted with potato as base crop in rabi season for three consecutive years in the same field. The treatments (cropping patterns) were Potato - Jute - T. aman, Potato - B. aus - T. arnan, Potato - Fallow - T. arnan, and Fallow - Jute - T. arnan. Considering the nitrogen balance in soil with all the tested crops, jute is the best. When jute is included in the pattern, it has a positive impact on nitrogen balance compared to other cropping patterns. In view of, nitrogen balance in all the tested cropping sequences, Potato - Jute - T. aman is the best, followed by Fallow - Jute - T. aman.

Keywords: Nitrogen balance, Cropping patterns, Soil.

Location: Central jute research station of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), Manikganj, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2004

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

To know the nitrogen balance in some important jute- included and excluded cropping patterns.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Central Jute Research Station of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRl), Manikganj, Bangladesh, during 2004 to 2007. In order to accomplish the objectives of this research work, some important cropping patterns, including and /or excluding of jute were used as treatments. The treatments (cropping patterns) were (T₁) Potato - Jute - T. aman, (T₂) Potato - B. aus - T. aman, (T₃) Potato - Fallow - T. aman, and (T₄) Fallow - Jute - T. aman, and the rate of applied nutrients for those treatment combinations were (T₁) 160-30-120-20, 90-10-30-20, 90-20-40-15; (T₂) 160-30-120-20, 60-20-35-15, 90-20-40-15; (T₃) 160-30-120-20, 00-00-00-00, 90-20-40- 15; and (T₄) 00-00-00-00, 90-10-30-20, 90-20-40-15 N-P-K-S kg/ha, correspondingly, as per Fertilizer Recommendation Guide of Bangladesh Agriculture Research Council (2). The varieties were Diamond, OM-1, BRRI Dhan-24, and BRRI Dhan-33 for potato, jute, B. aus, and T. aman, respectively. Urea, triple supper phosphate (TSP), murate of potash (MP) and gypsum were used to provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur, in that order. Crop establishment and agronomic practices were performed as per recommendation made by BARI (3) for potato, BJRI (7) for jute and BRRI (9) for broadcast aus rice and transplanted aman rice. Plant samples {Root, stover and tuber of potato plant; Root, stick, leaf-l (defoliated during growing period), leaf-2 (with plant during harvest), and bark of jute plant; Root, straw and grain of B. aus rice and T. Aman rice plant were considered as different parts} were collected for each crop from the experimental field. Root samples were collected as outlined. Before setting the experiment and harvest of each crop/season soil samples were collected. Particle-size analysis (11); soil textural classes (19); soil bulk density and particle density (8); soil pH and soil organic carbon (17) of collected soil sample were performed. Total nitrogen (17); total P (21); total K (Flame Photometer, Gallenkemp); and total sulphur (15) of both soil and plant were measured. Collected data were analyzed by using MST AT, a software for statistical analyses (20). Removals of nitrogen (N) by the different plant parts of individual crop were measured by using dry matter production and N concentrations values. Balance sheets of N were prepared after each crop season as affected by treatments as the difference between the nitrogen inputs (soil status plus applied as fertilizers and/or from crop residue) and outputs (uptake by crop plants). Nitrogen- balance methodologies used the sum of all inputs minus the sum of all outputs with unaccounted gain or loss.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Vol: 29 (1-2), PP: 83-93, 2009, ISSN: 0253-5424

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may concluded that a significant amount of N (+15.72 kg/ha) was increased in soil after potato cultivation from base level of N. That increasing trend continued after jute (+13.47 kg N/ha) and T. aman crop (+6.73 kg N/ha). After completion of three years 98.80 kg N/ha (Table 2) was added to the soil. A substantial positive balance of nitrogen in soil was, therefore, observed after Potato - Jute - T. aman sequence and a gradual increase of N content in soil with time. Christenson and Butt (10) and Franzluebbers et al. (12) found that N mineralization potential is directly related to the amount of residue returned to soil.

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