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Determination of Crop Co-efficient of Hybrid Maize by Lysimeter Study

M. S. ISLAM
Chief Scientific Officer, FMPE Division BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M. A. HOSSAIN
Senior Scientific Officer, IWM BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In a study at Joydebpur, the crop co-efficient values at initial, development, mid season, and late season stages of hybrid maize (variety: BARI Hybrid Maize-I) were determined as 0.38, 0.87, 1.36, and 0.75, respectively. These locally determined values of BARI Hybrid Maize-I differed to some extent from those recommended by FAO. The corresponding FAO values are 0.4, 0.80, 1.15, and 0.70. The reasons might be that the FAO values are the generalized ones and recommended for a wide range of locations. But those determined by this study are location specific. Another reason may be the use of specific variety of hybrid maize in this experiment. However, locally determined values are preferred to standard values (FAO values) to estimate location specific crop ET.

Keywords: Crop co-efficient, Hybrid maize, Lysimeter.

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 20-04-2004

End Date: 12-10-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To determine the crop co-efficient values of hybrid maize using micro lysimeter.

Methodology:

The micro-lysimeter is situated at BARI farm, Gazipur. It has four tanks spaced at equal distances (4 m) in a line. The lysimeter tank has 1 meter square area with effective soil depth of 100 em followed by 2 cm thick sand pack. Below the sand layer, 3 meshes of no. 4, 20, and 40 are placed. Below the mesh, a 13 cm thick gravel pack collects the excess water from the upper parts and discharges it to the drainage collector placed in the working chamber through a drainage pipe. The chamber is at a distance of 12 m from the remote tanks and 10 m from the nearest tanks. Each lysimeter tank is provided with a GI pipe of 1.75 em diameter which serves as an air vent. The vent is inserted up to the gravel layer and is provided with a cap at the top end. Below the gravel pack, a 7.5 em thick concrete layer is provided followed by a 7.5 m thick brick soling. A 13 em thick brick wall is constructed around the lysimeter tank leaving 5 em sand pack between the tank and the wall. The brick wall is constructed at a depth of 20 em from the soil surface

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 77-82, March 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Treatment T₁ received irrigation more frequently allowing less aeration facilities at the root zone resulting in lower yield of maize. It took 5-7 days to complete the drainage from the tanks. Thus, there were only 3-5 days left for this treatment to receive irrigation water again. So, the soil moisture situations in this treatment did not allow plants get favorable growing conditions throughout the season. On the other hand, treatment T₂, irrigated at 15 days interval, got 8-10 days time to receive the next irrigation. This interval seems much more favourable for plant growth, but treatment T₃ seems to be the best. Watering at 25 days interval (T₄) seems too long to provide adequate moisture to plants for normal growth. There might have some sort of water stress in the tank that affected crop. The treatment T₃, with irrigation interval of 20 days, produced the highest yield, kernels/cob, cob-diameter, and cob-length. This treatment got 13-15 days to bring soil moisture from the waterlogged situation to a suitable field condition for the crop. This indicates that the irrigation interval set for this treatment provided the most favourable environment for plants to produce the highest yield. Thus, this treatment was selected for determining the crop co-efficient values of the crop. The crop coefficient values of BARI Hybrid Maize-I at initial, development, mid season and late season stages were found to be 0.38, 0.87, 1.36, and 0.75, respectively, from the lysimeter study. Since, these Kc values were determined matching the local conditions of soil, plant, and environment, they are more accurate than the standard ones. Thus, to estimate the crop water requirement of BARI Hybrid Maize-I, the values determined under this study are recommended for use in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal