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Estimate of Genetic Diversity in Snake Gourd (trichosanthes Cucumerina)

M. KHATUN
Assistant Director
BADC, Jessore

M. G. Rabbani
Professor
Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh

E. H. M. S. RAHAMAN
Senior Scientific Officer
TCRC, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present investigation was conducted at the field and laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from April 2004 to September 2004 to study the nature and magnitude of genetic diversity of 38 snake gourd genotypes collected from different regions of the country. Based on D² analysis, the genotypes were grouped into four different clusters, where the cluster I possessed maximum number (21) of genotypes followed by the cluster 11(8), III (7), and IV (2). Clustering pattern revealed that geographical diversity was not associated with genetic diversity i.e., genotypes collected from same location were grouped into different clusters. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between the clusters III and IV and that of minimum in between the clusters I and II. In case of intra-cluster distance, the maximum distance was observed in the cluster IV and that of minimum was observed in the cluster Ill. Considering cluster mean, the genotypes of cluster IV could be selected for yield per plant and other yield contributing characters.

Keywords: Cluster, D2 analysis, Genetic diversity, Snake gourd

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 10-04-2004

End Date: 20-09-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Snake gourd

Objectives:

To assess the genetic diversity present in the collected snake gourd germplasm.

Methodology:

Thirty eight genotypes of snake gourd collected under the USDA funded project entitled "Collection, Evaluation, Conservation and Utilization of Land races and Wild relatives of some Important Vegetables and Fruits of Bangladesh. Collected snake gourd germplasm from different parts of the country were grown in the field following RCBD with three replications during the period from April 2004 to September 2004. One genotype represented one treatment and three plants of a genotype represented one replication. After final land preparation, pits of 50 x 50 x 30 em were prepared in each block with the spacing of 2 x 1.5 m. Each block was 32 m x 5 m in size. Seven-day seedling raised in poly bag, were then transplanted in the pit. Fertilizers of 5 tons cowdung, 125 kg urea, 80 kg TSP, and 60 kg MP, 80 kg gypsum, and 6 kg borax per hectare were applied (Anonymous, 1991). Half of the cowdung, TSP, MP, gypsum, and borax were applied at the time of land preparation and rests were applied in the pit. Plants were supported by trellis and other intercultural operations, such as weeding, irrigation, plant protection measures, etc. were done as and when needed. Observations were taken on whole plot basis for seven yield and yield contributing characters. The characters were sex ratio, node number for first female flowering, number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, average fruit weight, fruit length, and yield per plant. The analysis of variance and covariance were done for selected characters for divergence studies. Genetic diversity was worked out and clustering in Tocher's method.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 95-100, March 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Genetic divergence among the genotypes of snake gourd was studied . By application of non-hierarchical clustering using covariance matrix, 38 genotypes were grouped into four different clusters . The cluster I possessed maximum number of genotypes (21) followed by the cluster 11(8), III (7), and IV (2).It is interesting to note that 55.26% of the genotypes were included in the cluster 1, followed by cluster 11(21.05%), III (18.42%), and IV (5.26%), respectively . Clustering pattern of the genotypes revealed that the genotype collected from the same region did not fall in a single cluster. As for example, 4 genotypes collected from Chittagong District were grouped into four different clusters (I, II, III, and IV), showing TA 42 in cluster IV, TA 43 in cluster III, TA 44 in cluster II, and TA 64 in cluster I. Similarly, eleven genotypes collected from Mymensingh District were distributed into different four clusters (cluster I, II, III, and IV) (Table 1). This result indicated that factors other than geographical separation are also responsible for divergence, and the genotypes that have originated from the same place may have different genetic architecture. The genotypes belonging to the cluster IV were high yielding and therefore, this cluster ranked first in terms of yield per plant. Next position was held by the cluster II, then after the cluster I and lastly the cluster III. Wide range of genetic divergence was noticed among the studied genotypes of snake gourd, and this divergence of the genotypes may be taken into account for selecting the parents for hybridization and future improvement programme of this crop through breeding.

Knowledge Management: Journal