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Technical Inefficiency of Wheat Production in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

M. KAMRUL HASAN
Senior Scientific Officer,
Planning and Evaluation Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

S. M. FAKHRUL lSLAM
Professor
Department of Agricultural Economics, BSMRAU , Joydebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The main objective of the study was to identify and analyze the inefficiency and yield gaps of wheat production in Bangladesh. The study employed farm level cross sectional data from three major wheat growing areas of Bangladesh. Yield of wheat was found to vary across locations and farm categories. The average technical inefficiency of wheat production in Bangladesh is 16. This indicates a good potential for increasing wheat output by 16 percent with the existing technology and levels of inputs. Education and training on wheat of the farm operators was found to have significant effect on yield and technical efficiency of wheat production.

Keywords: Technical inefficiency, wheat production, yield gaps.

Location: Dinajpur, Rajshahi and Jamalpur

Start Date: 01-11-2003

End Date: 01-06-2994

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To identify and analyze the inefficiency and yield gaps of wheat production in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A multistage sampling procedure was followed to select wheat growing areas. In the first stage, three wheat growing districts i.e., Dinajpur, Rajshahi, and Jamalpur were chosen purposively considering the intensity of wheat area coverage among different regions. In the second stage, one upazila from each district and one union from each upazila were selected randomly. Finally, three mouzas (one from each union), namely Char Palisha Madhyapara from Char Banipakuri union of Melandah Upazila under Jamalpur district, Bhatgaon from Sundarpur union of Kaharol Upazila under Dinajpur district and Bhograil under Noahata union of Paba Upazila under Rajshahi district were selected randomly for this study. To collect primary data, a sampling frame of wheat growing holdings in the selected mouzas were constructed with the help of village leaders and record book of union council. These farm holdings were stratified into small (0.2 ha to < 1.0 ha), medium (1.0 ha to <2.0 ha), and large (2.0 ha and above) as per classification of farm category followed in different studies (Karim, 1996; Hasan et al., 2002). For determining the sample size Fisher's measure of skewness formula was applied and an optimum number of 293 samples (Dinajpur-101, Jamalpur-89, and Rajshahi-103) were chosen. A pre designed and pre-tested schedule was applied to collect data during November 2003 to June 2004.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35( 1 ): 101-112, March 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

.It was observed that mean technical inefficiency was 16 percent which caused 454 kg/ha yield gap of wheat. The highest yield gap of wheat due to technical inefficiency was recorded with the farmers at Dinajpur (497 kg/ha) followed by that at Rajshahi (493 kg/ha) and Jamalpur (361 kg/ha) implying that Dinajpur farmers had more potential to increase yield than Jamalpur farmers with existing technology. According to farm categories, large and medium farmers had more potential to increase yield than small farmers with the existing technology.Average yield gap in wheat production is 454 kg/ha which is derived from technical inefficiency. This amount of less yield can be recovered with existing technology and yield gap can be minimized by giving attention to the formal education, training on wheat technologies and wheat farming experience of the growers. The average technical inefficiency of wheat production in Bangladesh is 16 percent. This indicates a good potential for increasing wheat output by 16 percent with the existing technology and levels of inputs. Education and training on wheat of the farm operators was found to have significant effect on yield and technical efficiency of wheat production in the farm specific, location specific and farm size specific stochastic frontier production function models. Technical inefficiency decreases (i.e., efficiency increases) with the increase in education and training on wheat of farm operators. Thus, it is a priority issue to invest in public education to explore and develop human resources of farms. Formal training on wheat technology will also be an effective technique to improve farmers' efficiency.

Knowledge Management: Journal