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Crop Adaptation in Saline Soils of Noakhali: Crop Performance

M. Amin
Principal Scientific Officer
OFRD, BARl, Noakhali

M S Bhuiyan
Scientific Officer
OFRD, BARl, Noakhali

A H M A Faisal
Scientific Officer
OFRD, BARl, Noakhali

I S M Farhad
OFRD, BARl, Noakhali

M. A. Rahaman
OFRD, BARl, Noakhali

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

During rabi seasons of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 experiments were conducted at FSRD site, OFRD, BARI, Noakhali to evaluate the relative performance of different crops in the salt affected farmers field. Eleven rabi crops. viz. sunflower, sugarbeet, barley, linseed, chilli, sweet potato, cowpea, wheat, soybean, ground nut and mungbean were tested in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 7 replications and unit plot size of 2.5 x 3m².The spacing and fertilizer rate were maintained as per BARI recommendation. One irrigation was given in the mid-February. It was observed that emergence of all the rabi crops were highly affected when the soil salinity was above 4 dS/m. However, at the later stages of crop growth up to the maturity, the salinity tolerance level of different crops was higher and varied from 5.9 to 17.56 dS/m. Results indicated that critical range of salinity level for commercial cultivation was 3.88-10.92 dS/m for cowpea, 2.09-9.42 dS/m for soybean, 3.8-9.67 dS/m for sweet potato, 3.12-12.20 dS/m for linseed, 3.45-6.9 dS/m for groundnut, 3.2-12.91 dS/m for chilli, 5.72-13.63 dS/m for sugarbeet, 2.22-7.23 dS/m for wheat, 3.30-13.12 dS/m for barley, 4.67-17.56 dS/m for sunflower and 2.05-5.9 dS/m for mungbean from emergence till maturity. Moreover, the order of salinity tolerance of the tested crops were as sunflower> sugerbeet> barley> linseed> chilli> sweetpotato> cowpea> wheat> soybean> groundnut> mungbean. Soil salinity > 4 dS/m was harmful for emergence of all the crops.

Keywords: Crops, Adaptation, Saline soil

Location: FSRD, OFRD, BARI, Noakhali

Start Date: 01-11-2009

End Date: 30-04-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil salinity

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the relative performance of different crops in the salt affected farmers field.

2. To find out the crop specific critical salinity level at different growth stages.

Methodology:

During the rabi seasons of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011, field experiments were conducted in the farmers field. Eleven rabi crops viz. sunflower, sugarbeet, barley, linseed, chilli, sweet potato, cowpea, wheat, soybean, groundnut and mungbean were tested in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 7 replications. The plot size was 2.5 x 3m². For individual crop the plant spacing and fertilizer rate were selected following BARI recommended. Emergence percent and mortality were counted. Before sowing the seeds were measured for each line separately and continuous sowing was done in the furrow. One irrigation was also applied in mid February. Data on soil salinity and seedling/plant mortality of specific crop was taken at different growth stages. Data on yield was recorded at the maturity stage of the respective crop. Soil samples from the experimental fields were collected cautiously from about 10 cm depth. For making soil solutions, 50 g soils were taken from the sample and mixed with 100 ml of distilled water. After mixing soil and water the samples were stirred thoroughly in a beaker to make a 1:2 ratio of soil-water solution. After making the solution the probe/knob/sensor of the salinity meter (model HI 8733 conductivity meter) was dipped into the beaker containing soil solution and waited for steady condition of the display to record the soil salinity.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH AGRONOMIY JOURNAL, Vol. 14 (1&2), pp. 43-52, December 2011, ISSN 1013-1922.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the findings it may be concluded that in the Noakhali areas cowpea, soybean, sweet potato, linseed, groundnut, chilli, sugarbeet, wheat, barley and sunflower can be cultivated within a limit of salinity. The initial soil salinity level > 4 dS/m is very harmful for emergence of any crop. Among the tested crops sunflower, sugarbeet and local chilli may be cultivated where the soil salinity rose up to 13-17 dS/m during April-May. Groundnut, mung bean and wheat crops can be grown within the highest salinity range of 6-8 dS/m and cowpea and sweet potato can be grown within the salinity range 10-11 dS/m.

Knowledge Management: Journal