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Effect of Detopping, Defoliation and Deflowering on Photosynthesis and Yield Parameters of Non-branching Sesame (sesamum Indicum L.)

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh to investigate the influence of detopping, defoliation and deflowering on photosynthetic, yield attributes and yield of non-branching high yielding sesame cv Binatil-1. Separately detopping, defoliation and deflowering were induced at fertilization, after 5, 6, 7 and 8 capsules bearing nodes at base and continued to maturity with a control. Photosynthetic rate, number of capsule, seeds, capsule dry mass and total dry matter plant-' decreased with delopping, defoliation and deflowering but 1000-seed weight was unaffected. Stomatal conductance (Ci) and transpiration rate (E) varied whereas photosynthetic rate (Pn) remained unchanged from fertilization to maturity. Seed yield decreased 68-80, 47-79 and 50-75 with detopping, defoliation and deflowering, respectively. The results suggest that detopping, defoliation and deflowering had no positive effect on the yield improvement of non-branching sesame variety, thrust should be given on the architectural development and yield improvement of branching type sesame varieties. PN (r = -0.658*) was negatively correlated with vapor pressure deficit (VpdL). Total dry matter (TDM) (r= 0.737**), number of capsule (r=0.659*) and seeds plant-' (r= 0.985**) were positively correlated with seed yield.

Keywords: Deflowering, Defoliation, Detopping, Photosynthesis, Sesame yield, Stomatal conductance and transpiration

Location: BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-02-2009

End Date: 30-05-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of detopping, defoliation and deflowering on photosynthetic, yield attributes and yield of non-branching high yielding sesame cv Binatil-1.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was carried out during February to May 2009 at BINA, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to assess the effect of detopping on photosynthetic, yield attributes and yield of Binatil-1. The following treatments were imposed at capsule bearing nodes at base at fertilization and continued to maturity: (1) Control (2) Detopping after capsule bearing node 5 (3) Defoliation after node 5 (4) Deflowering after node 5 (5) Detopping after node 6 (6) Defoliation after node 6 (7) Deflowering after node 6 (8) Detopping after node 7 (9) Defoliation after node 7(10) Deflowering after node 7(11) Detopping after node 8 (12) defoliation after node 8 (13) Deflowering after node 8. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block design with three replications. Each pot contained one plant with 12 Kg of soils (Silly loam, organic matter 1.05, total N 0.07, available P 14.3 ppm, exchangeable K 0.25 meq. per 100g soil, available S 13.2 and soil pH 6.67). Total number of pots was 39. Recommended doses of fertilizers were applied and other cultural practices were followed as and when required. Photosynthetic and microclimatic parameters were recorded using Portable Photosynthesis System LI-6400XT, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA. Correlations were performed between microclimatic and yield parameters. Statistical analysis was done as per design used with the help of MSTAT computer packages. Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) compared the means at 5 level of significance.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 5(4):l-4(November 2010)

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Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results suggest that detopping, defoliation and deflowering had no positive effect on the yield improvement of non-branching sesame variety, thrust should be given on the architectural development and yield improvement of branching type sesame varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal