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Effects of Salinity on Growth, Yield and Mineral Ion Uptake of Mustard

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. Islam
Former MS Student
Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh

A. H. M. Razzaque
Director General
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, to assess mineral ion uptake and yield of mustard cultivars viz., Binasarisha-3, Binasarisha-4 and Binasarisha-5 during October 2004 to February 2005. Salinity levels were 0.43 (control), 4, 8 and 12 dSm^-1. The results showed that plant height, number of branches, number of leaves and total dry matter per plant gradually decreased, while Na⁺ content in leaves increased with the increase in salinity levels. Binasarisha-5 showed the highest plant height, the highest number of siliqua dry weight and seed yield per plant, harvest index and medium K⁺ content in leaves at different salinity levels. Binasarisha-4 showed the highest 1000-grain weight and K⁺ content in leaves. Among the varieties, Binasarisha-5 produced acceptable yield at 8 dSm^-1 salinity.

Keywords: Salinity, Mustard, Ion uptake, Yield

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 16-10-2004

End Date: 31-01-2005

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess mineral ion uptake and yield of mustard cultivars and to find out salt tolerant cultivar.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted with three mustard genotypes viz., Binasarisha-3, Binasarisha-4 and Binasarisha-5 in plastic pots at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, during October 2004 to January 2005. The salinity levels were 0.43 (control), 4, 8 and 12 dSm^-1. Soil of the experimental pot was collected from the BINA farm. Each pot contained 8 kg of soil. Dry soil was thoroughly mixed with cowdung and fertilizers before pot filling. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Cowdung, urea, TSP, MP, gypsum and borax were applied at the rate of 8.4 g, 1.57 g, 0.50 g, 0.21 and 1.05 g in each pot to maintain the doses of 225, 75, 30, 150, 12 and 1200 kg ha^-1 of urea, TSP, MP, gypsum, borax, and cowdung, respectively. Total quantity of well rotten cowdung, TSP, MP and urea were added at the final pot preparation. Half of urea was applied 20 days after sowing (DAS), and another half was applied 32 DAS. Mustard seeds were sown in pots on 16 October 2004. Several seeds were sown in each pot. Three plants were kept per pot. Salinity treatments were imposed at 35 DAS by adding different amounts of salts (NaCI 50%, NaS0₄ l5%, NaHC0₃ l0%, CaCl₂ l0%, MgCl₂ l0%, MgS0₄ 5%) (Burman et al., 2002) in the soils. Salinity (EC) of the pot soils was measured with Salinity Bridge. Data on morpho-physiological and yield attributes were recorded at 60 DAS and maturity. Na⁺, K⁺, Ca⁺⁺ and Mg⁺⁺ contents in leaves of the harvested plants were determined by Atomic absorption spectrophotometers directly. Data were analyzed statistically to find out the levels of significance using the MSTAT-C package program. Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare the differences of means.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Soc. Agric. Sci. Technol.. 3(1&2):125 -128, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant height, number of branches, number of leaves and total dry matter per plant gradually decreased, while Na⁺ content in leaves increased with the increase in salinity levels. Binasarisha-5 showed the highest plant height, the highest number of siliqua dry weight and seed yield per plant, harvest index and medium K⁺ content in leaves at different salinity levels. Binasarisha-4 showed the highest 1000-grain weight and K⁺ content in leaves. Among the varieties, Binasarisha-5 produced acceptable yield at 8 dSm^-1 salinity.

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