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Study on Productive and Reproductive Performance and Breeding Method of Red Chittagong Cow Under Rural Condition in Different Regions of Bangladesh

S. Akhter
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh;

K. S. Huque
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

M. A. Jalil
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

M. M. Munzur
Department of Livestock Services, Khamarbari Sarak, Dhaka, Bangladesh

G. Miah
Chittagong Government Veterinary College, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The productive and reproductive traits of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) , different RCC crosses and non- descript local cows under rural condition were studied in seven selected areas of Bangladesh. The areas were Chittagong, Rangamati, Cox's Bazar, Bandarban, Feni, Noakhali and Lakhsmipur districts. A total of 395 farm families who rear RCC, RCC crosses and the Local were interviewed from he seven areas. Data on birth weight (kg), daily milk yield (kg), lactation length (d), age at puberty (d), age at first calving (d), post partum heat period (d), service per conception (no), calving interval (d) and gestation length (d) of RCC, local cows and their crosses were collected. The average birth weight of RCC calves (16.2 kg) was lower than that of both local (17.0) and RCC crosses (18.1). Daily milk yield, milk yield per lactation and lactation length of RCC were 2.75 kg, 555 kg and 202 days respectively, which were found higher than that of the non- descript local cows. Age at puberty (1003 days), age at first calving (1380 days), post partum heat (57 days), service per conception (1.2) and calving interval (367 days) of RCC was recorded lower than that of both local and RCC crosses. Most of the farmers bred RCC naturally (45%) rather than using artificial insemination (AI) (28%). Many problems were attributable to this lower adoption rate of AI, and among them the most important one is cost followed by delivery problem, distance of AI point, infertility and rate of higher non return rate.

Keywords: Red Chittagong Cattle, Performance, Breeding method

Location: Chittagong, Rangamati, Cox's Bazar, Bandarban, Feni, Noakhali, Lakhsmipur

Start Date: 01-07-2001

End Date: 30-06-2002

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cow

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of RCC (Red Chittagong Cattle) reared at farmers level.

2. To compare RCC with their crosses or local cows for further improvement of RCC at rural condition.

Methodology:

The RCC cattle are concentrated only in seven southeastern districts of Bangladesh, four of them are in broader Chittagong (Chittagong, Cox's Bazar) and Chittagong Hill tracts (Rangamati, Bandarban) and three of them are in broader Noakhali areas (Noakhali, Feni and Lakhsmipur). All these seven districts are adjacent to each other but atypical by the fact that the districts under Noakhali are the coastal areas, on the other hand, districts in Chittagong Hill tracts are mountainous. Situation in broader Chittagong and Chittagong Hill tracts consisted of mountain and coastal areas. The origin of these cattle distributed in these areas is not available, but its purity as an animal probably can be explained by its geographical situation. The geographical situation is probably naturally protected the RCC from crossbreeding and make them unique compared to other non- descript local cows. These phenomena lead the authors to collect information on RCC from all those areas where RCC presently exists. The data on productive and reproductive performance of Red Chittagong cattle along with their crosses and local cattle in all different regions was conducted from July 2001 to June 2002. The questionnaire was designed to collect data on productive and reproductive performance of Red Chittagong cattle in the different regions mentioned above. A total of 395 farm families who rear RCC (n = 144), RCC crosses (n =14) and Local (n = 41) were interviewed from those seven areas. Data on birth weight, daily milk yield, lactation length, lactation yield, age at first heat, age at first calving, post partum heat, service per conception, calving interval and gestation length were recorded. The same parameters were also collected from non- descript local cows as well as from RCC crossbred cows to compare the potentiality of RCC with those cows. Moreover, data on breeding methods practiced in the studied regions were also collected. The breeding methods were divided into three categories. These were natural breeding, artificial insemination (AI) and combination of them. Data on productive and reproductive performance, breeding method and problems related to AI collected were analyzed using descriptive statistical tool such as mean, standard deviation, and percentage where appropriate.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF LIVESTOCK RESEARCH, Vol. 09 (1 & 2), (Jan - Dec) 2002, pp. 01-07, ISSN 1022 - 3851.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study focused the productive and reproductive performances of RCC cattle under village condition in southeastern regions of Bangladesh. The results revealed that the RCC is a potential animal and its productive and reproductive performance was better than that of local non- descriptive cattle. RCC is superior in milk production than the non- descript local cows. Age at puberty, age at calving, post partum heat period and calving interval of RCC were shorter than non-descriptive local cows. It is concluded that the RCC is genetically superior to local non- descriptive cattle. More studies are needed to exploit full potentialities of RCC for smallholder milk production in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal