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A Study on the Gastro-intestinal Parasitic Infections in Calves of Bangladesh

A.K.M.F. Haque
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.F. Islam
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

S. Majumder
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.S. Rahman
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This paper demonstrates prevalence of gastro-intestinal infections in calves by coprological investigation. The individual effects of region, age, sex. and breed of calves on the development of the different parasitic infections and a comparison on the risk of developing the infections with respect to the categories of the factors (age, sex and breed) are presented in this paper along with their statistical test of significance. The effectiveness of certain commercially available anthelmintic drugs against gastro-intestinal parasitic diseases are also presented.

Keywords: Calf, Parasite, Anthelmintic drugs

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF), four villages adjacent to Bangladesh Agricultural University, six mini-dairy farms and six villages of Chakaria, Cox's Bazar.

Start Date: 00-07-1993

End Date: 00-06-1994

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Calf

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence rates of gastro-intestinal parasitic infections in calves by coprological investigations, to test the existence of association of different factors (region, age, sex and breed) on the development of the parasitic diseases, to compare the risk of developing the parasitic infection with respect to the categories of the factors (age, sex and breed) and to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of certain commercially available anthelmintic drugs against gastro-intestinal parasites in calves.

Methodology:

The investigation was carried out for a period of one year starting from July, 1993 to June, 1994 at Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF), four villages adjacent to Bangladesh Agricultural University, six mini-dairy farms and six villages of Chakaria, Cox's Bazar. A total of 228 calves of both local and cross breed from rural and farm conditions were observed in this study. Fecal samples were collected randomly from the rectum of 228 calves. About 10-15 gm of fecal samples were collected from each calf. Age, sex, breed and rearing condition of the calves were recorded. The fecal samples were examined by direct smear and simple sedimentation methods to detect the parasitic eggs which were diagnosed by their morphological features as described by Soulsby (1986) and Samad (1988). The eggs per gram of the positive samples were counted by stoll's dilution technique (Soulsby, 1986). As it was difficult to differentiate the eggs of Mecistocirus, Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia and Oesophagostomum they were grouped into strongylids. Only up to the genous/group of the parasites were diagnosed for the trial study. On the basis of faecal examination (eggs per gram was not less than 200) 25 calves were selected for anthelmintic trials and were equally divided into five groups (A-E) of which group A, B and C had the infection with gastro-intestinal nematodes (excluding ascaris) and group D and E were affected with paramphistomes. Group A, B. C. D and E were treated respectively with morantel citrate (Deminth, Ranata) orally @ 5.94 mg/kg body weight, thiophanate (Nemafex®, Rhone-poulenc) orally @ 1 gm/14 kg body weight, fenbendazole (Panacur®, Hoechst) orally @ 7.5 mg/kg body weight, triclabendazole (Fasmex®, Novartls) orally @ 12 mg/kg body weight and tetramisole plus oxyclozanide (Nilzan®. Pitman-Moore Ltd.) orally@ 30 mg/kg body weight as recommended by the manufacturer. On the 101 day of post-treatment individual fecal sample was collected from the rectum of all these 25 calves and the eggs per gram of faeces were recounted.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 27(1): 147-152, January, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Comparing the efficacy of the drugs it can be concluded that any one of the drugs Deminth, Nemafex® and Panacur® may be recommended for clinical use against naturally infected common gstro-intestinal nematodiasis (excluding ascariasis) in calves and Nilzan® as a more effective drug against paramphistomiasis in calves than Fasinex®.

Knowledge Management: Journal