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Food Competition of Thai Sharpuntl Puntius Gonionotus (bleeker),with Major Carps in Polyculture Conditions

M.A. Wahab
Department of Fisheries Management Bangladesh Agriculture University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

M.M. Haque
Department of Fisheries Management Bangladesh Agriculture University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

A.N.M.A. Haider
Department of Fisheries Management Bangladesh Agriculture University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

A.H.M. Kohinoor
Department of Fisheries Management Bangladesh Agriculture University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

M.L. Islam
Department of Fisheries Management Bangladesh Agriculture University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Thai sharpunti, Puntius gonionotus, was cultured together with three major carps, cat!a, Cat/a cat/a, rohu, Labeo rohita and carpio, Cyprinus carpio in three earthen ponds in Agricultural University campus, Mymensingh, Bangladesh to observe the competition for different natural food items (plankton) among them through measuring electivity indices. Strong food competition of P. gonionotus with all other three species of carps were observed. The fishes preferred bacillariophytes and chlorophytes but avoided most of the available genera of Cyanobacteria, blue-green algae.

Keywords: Food competition, P. gonionotus, Carps, Polyculture, Electivity

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-12-1994

End Date: 00-03-1995

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To observe the competition for different natural food items (plankton) among them through measuring electivity indices

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out for 105 days from December 1994 to March 1995 in three earthen ponds of the Faculty of Fisheries,BAU, Mymensingh having an area of 75m² and depth of 1.5 m each. The ponds were free from aquatic vegetation and any barrier to sunlight exposure. The ponds were dried, renovated and exposed to sunlight for 15 days in November. Then the pond bottoms were ploughed and limed at the rate of 250 kg/ha. After 3 days of liming the ponds were filled up with deep tube-well water and were fertilized with cattle manure, urea and TSP at the rate of 5,500 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha and 120 kg/ha, respectively. Five days after fertilization all the ponds were stocked with rohu (Labeo rohita) , catla (Cat/a cat/a}, common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and sharpunti (Puntius gonionotus) at the ratio of 1:1:1:1 and at the stocking density of 10,000/ha. The ponds were fertilized weekly with urea and TSP at the rate of 1.0 kg of each in every pond. No supplementary feed was applied. The gut contents of the stocked fishes were examined twice: on 15th day of culture and on the closing day of the experiment. Five fishes of each species were collected from each pond by a cast net and measured (length and weight). One third of the foregut of each fish was carefully taken out and preserved on 5 % buffered formalin. The gut contents were carefully washed out with distilled water in a petridish and diluted to 50 mi. For each gut sample, three sub-samples were examined. A 1 ml sub-sample was transferred to a counting chamber and all algal particles in ten squares chosen randomly were identified and counted by using a binocular microscope. After first sampling equal number of similar sized fishes of each species were released in each pond to maintain the population same. Electivity index (E) was calculated by applying the formula (lvlev, 1961) as: E =Pg-Pw/PgPw,

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 25( 1): 139-147, January, 1998

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The competition of sharpunti with catla and rohu for planktonic food is slightly higher than that of sharpunti with carpio. Carpio is a bottom feeder and consumed a considerable amount of detritus and possibly due to that the demand for planktonic food was comparatively less than catla, rohu and sharpunti. The present investigation suggests that rohu, catla, carpio and sharpunti are not strictly selective in their feeding habits. From the present study a concluc:ion may be drawn that in natural condition a strong food competition of P. gonionotus exists with C. cat/a and L. rohita and to a lesser extent with C. carpio. Food competition of P. gonionotus with major carps may possibly be reduced by using supplementary feed. The fishes preferred bacillariophytes and chlorophytes but avoided most of the available genera of Cyanobacteria, blue-green algae.

Knowledge Management: Journal