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Effect of Lemon Grass Oil on Sheath Blight of Rice

S. Parveen
Farming System Research Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

G.M. Mujibar Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202. Bangladesh

M. Hasan Ashrafuzzaman
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of lemon grass oil on Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and sheath blight development of rice was studied in the laboratory and net house of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensrngh during Aman season of 1997. Four different methods viz. cup method, filter paper disc method, ring method and poison food technique were used to evaluate its effectiveness against R. solani. Lemon grass oil at 1:80 dilution was effective in reducing growth of R. solam and sheath blight disease It was observed that the single spray of lemon grass oil (1:80 dilution) was comparable to that of tilt in the net house. However , further studies in field performances of the test chemical is suggested for confirmation.

Keywords: Lemon grass oil. Rhizoctoni solani, Sheath blight, Rice

Location: Laboratory and net house of Bangladesh Agricultural University.

Start Date: 00-07-1997

End Date: 00-12-1997

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To test the efficacy of lemon grass oil comparing with that of tilt both in vitro and in vivo .

Methodology:

Laboratory experiment: Rhizoctonia solani was isolated from sheath blighted rice plants by tissue planting method. The fungus was purified following hypha! tip culture method and was kept in refrigerator for future use. The effectiveness of tilt and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) oil were evaluated in vitro against R. solani. Lemon grass oil in 1:10, 1:20, 1:30; 1:40; 1:50; 1:60; 1:70; 1:80; 1:90 and 1:100 dilutions were screened in preliminary trial and based on its phytotoxic effect 1:80 dilution and three concentrations of tilt (500, 250 and 125 ppm active ingredients) were evaluated by the following different methods. In cup method three 5 mm diameter holes were made in previously prepared PDA plate by block cutter. One drop of lemon grass oil/tilt was put into each hole and the plates were kept overnight in the inoculation chamber. In filter paper disc method, 5 mm diameter filter paper discs were dipped into tilt and lemon grass oil solution for 30 seconds and then 3 discs were placed on the PDA plates at three places maintaining equal distances. In case of ring method, a metalic circular 3. 7 cm diameter block cutter was dipped into the tilt or lemon grass oil soln. and immediately put on the PDA medium. A circular impression was made on the medium by giving slight pressure of the circular block cutter. While doing this, the test chemicals adhered to the block cutter was transferred to medium along the impression. In poison food technique method, previously calculated amount of tilt and lemon grass oil were added to PDA medium before plating. In all the four methods, 5 mm dia. inoculum of R. solani was placed at the culture of each PDA plate after 24 hours of application of the test chemical. In case of control treatments, water was used instead of chemical. The radical growth of the pathogen and sclerotial formation were recorded when the fungal mycelia completely covered the petridish in control plates. Net house experiment: The efficacy of lemon grass oil in controlling sheath blight of rice was evaluated in the net house. For this purpose, a total of eighteen 30 em diameter earthen pots (3 treatment x 3 replication x 2 spray schedule) were filled with field soil and 35 days old seedlings of TN1 were transplanted at the rate of 3 seedlings per hill maintaining 3 hills at equal distance in each pot . All the pots were then arranged following completely randomized design. The plants were inoculated with 5 mm diameter inoculum blocks of R. solani at panicle initiation stage of rice. For inoculation, 3-4 blocks of inocula were placed in the sheath region of each hill and the surrounding tillers were covered with moistened cotton pad, and tied with rubber band. After 72 hrs. , the rubber band was untied and the cotton pad was removed. After symptom development, tilt (500 ppm) and lemon grass oil (1:80 dilution) were sprayed in such a way that the plants got wet with the chemical. In case of 2 sprays, the second spray was given after 4 days of the 1st spray. Data on disease development were recorded after 4 and 8 days of spraying in respect of lesion length developed due to the disease.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 27(1): 153-156, January, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above findings, it can be concluded that both lemon grass oil and tilt are equally effective in controlling sheath blight of rice. But considering the residual effect and other environmental hazards of using synthetic chemical fungicide, lemon grass oil (1: 80 dilution) might be a potential alternative for the control of sheath blight disease of rice. However, further studies in field performances of the test chemicals are suggested for further confirmation.

Knowledge Management: Journal