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Farming Characteristics of Co-operative Dairy Production System in Bangladesh

Dr. Khan S. Huque
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

M. R. Islam
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted during July 2001 to June 2002 to identify and evaluate the existing co-operative dairy production system and to determine the factors responsible for sustainable dairy production at milk pocket areas of Bangladesh where co-operative system of dairy production exists. Data were collected from 5 areas (Rangpur, Sirajgonj, Tangail, Munshigonj and Madaripur) through direct interviews and personal visits to the farms. It was observed that 20, 14, 25, 31 and 10 per cent of the respondents were landless, marginal, small, medium and large farmers, respectively. The number of crossbred cattle per farm was higher in Munshiganj (19) followed by Sirajganj (12) and Rangpur (6). Crossbred cattle in Tangail and Madaripur was less than 1 per farm. The averageherd size differ significantly (p<0.01) among the areas or farm categories but there was no interaction (p>0.05) between area and farm category. Milk production (liters/hid) of local cow was significantly (p<0.01) higher in Munshiganj (5.72) and Sirajganj (5.66) followed by Tangail (2.94), Rangpur (2.24) and Madaripur (2.11), the difference of which was mainly due to the availability of fodder. Lactation length also differ significantly (p<0.05) among the areas. Average daily milk production and average lactation period of crossbred cows were 7.86 liters and 269 days, respectively. The amount of straw and green grass intake differ (p<0.01) across the study areas but did not differ (p>0.05) among the farm category. The amount of concentrates intake by theanimals also differ (p<0.01) among the areas except for rice crushed, but did not differ (p>0.05) among the farm category except for oil cakes and rice crushed which differed (p<0.05) among farm category. Milk price varied from Tk. 13.11L in Rangpur to Tk. 16.01L in Munshiganj. Farmers sell their milk to Milk Vita (64%) followed by local market (25%) and middleman (11 %). Majority of the respondents (84%) dewormed their animals. The respondents collect vaccine mostly from the Milk Vita and Govt. hospitals. Major problems of dairy farming were lack of creditfacilities, high price of concentrates and shortage of feeds and fodder, lack of cash payment to members and training and technical knowledge.

Keywords: Farming, Co-operative, Dairy, production system

Location: Rangpur (Sadar and Bodorganj, Sirajganj (Baghabarighat), Tangail (Sadar), Munshiganj (Srinagar) and Madaripur (Tekerhat)

Start Date: 01-11-2001

End Date: 30-06-2002

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Buffalo

Objectives:

To identify the farming characteristics of co-operative dairy production system under BMPCUL.

Methodology:

A total of 149 dairy farms under BMPCUL were selected randomly from five selected districts of Bangladesh. These are Rangpur (Sadar and Bodorganj), Sirajganj (Baghabarighat), Tangail (Sadar), Munshiganj (Srinagar) and Madaripur (Tekerhat). A dairy farmer having experience of less than one year was not considered for the study. Keeping in view with the objectives of this study, a questionnaire was prepared to record the desired information from the dairy farmers. Before finalization of the questionnaire, it was pre-tested by interviewing relevant farmers. On the basis of the pre-testing experience, necessary modification and revisions were made and then a set of questionnaire was finally prepared. The questionnaire was developed in a simple manner so that information could be obtained without repetition and misunderstanding. The data were collected from the head of the households through interviewing. Selected farmers were classified into five categories on the basis of landholdings: (i) Landless farmer (less than 0.20 ha of land) (ii) Marginal farmer (from 0.21 to 0.40 ha of land) (iii) Small farmer (from 0.41 to 1.01 ha of land) (iv) Medium farmer (from 1.02 to 3.03 ha of land) and (v) Large farmer (above 3.03 ha of land). The whole year was divided into three seasons to get seasonal availability of feeds and fodder, and disease prevalence. These seasons were January to April (dry and hot, called Aus), May to August (hot and wet, called Aman), and September to December (cool and dry, called Rabi). The study period was from July 2001 to June 2002. Data collected from the farmers were compiled, tabulated and analyzed in accordance with the objectives of the study. Tabular method of analysis was followed to show the relationship between socio-economic characteristics and livestock rearing. Chi-square test was carried out. SPSS package was used to analyze the average effect of farm category and the residual error.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF LIVESTOCK RESEARCH, Vol. 09 (1 & 2), (Jan - Dec) 2002, pp. 17-29, ISSN 1022 - 3851.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study revealed that three major factors such as marketing, high yielding animals and input supply were responsible for sustainable dairy production system in BMPCUL areas. Farms are facing shortage of green grasses and high price of concentrates. Dairy farmers as well as crop farmers have started to grow different local green grasses namely, baksa, matikalai, khesari as the prices of green grass is increasing. Very little difference of price of per liter of fresh milk at the milk pocket areas was observed which was far less than the national average retail price of milk. From the findings of this work, it is also clear that farmers are facing a number of problems for smooth running of their dairy farms. Activities should be strengthened and extended in milk potential areas to address the problems of unemployment, low income, under-nutrition and to save the hard earned foreign currency by reducing the importation of powdered milk.

Knowledge Management: Journal