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Economic Importance, Role and Uses of Goran,a Resourceful Species in the Sundarbans

Dr.A.S.M.Helal Siddiqui
Senior Research Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Faizuddin, M.
Divisional Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Dr.M.M.Rahman
Senior Research Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Shahidullah,M.
Research Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Rashid, M. H.
Research Officer
Mangrove Silviculture Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Mangrove Bhaban, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Goran (Ceriops decandra) is a popular mangrove tree species in the Sundarbans of Bangladesh for its economic benefit and multiple uses. The genus Ceriops in the Sundarbans is represented by two species Ceriops decandra and Ceriops tagal. They resemble each other in appearance habit and are distinguished mainly by inflorescence. Some researchers comment that C tagal is usually taller than C. decandra. The propagule of the former is longer than that of the latter. The inflorescence is usually in the axils of several nodes at the upper part of a branch 3 to 5 flowered in case of C. decandra and 2 to 12 flowered in case of C. tagal, though generally 8 to 10 flowered.Goran with small coppice like growth is a large shrub of small evergreen tree attaining a height of 4 to 5 m. The stem is not more than 2 to 10 cm in diameter, wood is hard and heavy, orange-red in colour. It possesses stilt roots and plank like buttresses at the base. Both the species belong to the family Rhizophoraceac. C. decandra is more common than C. tagal. Actually it is very difficult of distinguish the two species in the field. So both species are considered as Goran. The best growth of Goran in the Sundarbans attains 5 to 6 m height. This type is found mostly in the moister parts of poor second quality or good third quality forest especially in the southwestern part of the Sunderbans. Three types of Gown communities are encountered, viz., Goran, Goran gewa and Gewa-goran covering an area of 95 km², 512 km² and 362 km² respectively, out of a total of 3955 km² forest cover distributed in nine major vegetation types . It is the most durable of all the mangroves and its calorific value is 534,3 cals. or 9625 BTU.

Keywords: Economic importance, Goran (Ceriops decandra), Resourceful, Role,Uses, Mangrove, Sundarbans.

Location: The Sundarbans Mangrove Forest

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Tree

Objectives:

a) To implement a new management system in the Sundarbans.

b) To get sustainable yield and

c) To conserve the important mangrove resource of the country.

Methodology:

Field observation, literature review and Official information was collected to prepare the important paper of the Sundarbans regarding Ceriops decandra with a view to implement the objectives for sustainable management.

Source of Information: Indian Journal of Non Timber Forest Products, Vol. 4:(3/4):123-125 pp.1997

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) : N/A

Achievement/Findings:

Goran is one of the most economically important species in the Sundarbans, the single largest mangrove forest in the World. It is the main source of fire-wood, tannin, charcoal, medicine, good quality honey, etc. Out of total 3955 km² forest area the pure Goran forest type occupies 95 km², Gewa- goran type 362 km² and Goran-gewa type 572 km² area. Every year about 40 thousand people arc engaged in Goran harvesting in the Sundarbans. The revenue collection from Goran is about 193,275 US $ per year and quantity is about 61,699 metric tons. Now due to increasing demand and multiple uses its harvest is being increased.Goran (Ceriops spp.) is the most common and important mangrove species in the Sundarbans. The species provides maximum production and economic benefit to the country. It gives good quality charcoal, tannin, honey, medicine and other daily house hold materials. But due to lack of proper management and care the Goran dominated forests are being over exploited. The harvesters often do not follow the felling and coupe rules. Even the coupe staff do not supervise properly. Illicit cuttings also take place. Therefore, considering the situation the the management plan for goran should be changed and improved.

Knowledge Management: Journal