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Influence of Drought Stress on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Selected French Bean Genotypes

A. K. Choudhury
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. A. Karim
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

M. Moynul Haque
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

Q. A. Khaliq
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

J. U. Ahmed
Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

M. M. Hossain
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out in poly-tunnel at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh during 2006-07 to investigate the influence of water stress on growth, yield and yield components of selected French bean genotypes. Seven genotypes of French bean were evaluated under continuous water stress and control conditions. Water deficit significantly reduced growth, yield and yield components of the French bean genotypes. All the genotypes showed reduction in seed yield from 20-60%. However, genotypes BB24 and BB43 had minimum reduction of seed yield, and accumulated and partitioned more assimilates to the seed than the drought-susceptible genotypes BB04 and BARI Jharseem-2. The genotypes BB24 and BB43 had also less reduction of pods plant^-1 (13.5-25.7%) and seed size (0.4-1.5%) The genotypes BB24 and BB43 may be used as a source of drought tolerance for the development and improvement of new drought-tolerant French bean genotypes.

Keywords: Drought stress, French bean, Growth, Yield

Location: Agronomy Farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: French bean

Objectives:

To analyze the effects of drought on biomass accumulation pattern in different plant components of some selected French bean genotypes.

Methodology:

Seven genotypes of French bean {five relatively tolerant viz. BB24, BB43, BB45, BB41 and BB36 and two susceptible, viz. BB04 and BAR! Jharseem-2 were selected from the previous experiment, and grown in plastic pots having 24 cm diameter and 30 cm height. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Two plants per pot considered as one replication. Plants of all the genotypes were subjected to two levels of irrigation, viz. 80% (control) and 50% (water stress) of field capacity by weight throughout the growing season. After 12 DAS, water stress treatments were applied. Plants attained soil moisture at 50% field capacity (FC) level after 12-13 days of water stress treatment imposed. The pots were weighed at one day intervals to compensate the water loss by evapo-transpiration. The soil of the pot was filled with mixture of soil and cowdung at a ratio of 4:1, which contained 14.0 kg of soil which was equivalent to 10.6 kg oven dry soil and holds about 28% moisture at field capacity (FC). Soil used in the plastic pot was sandy loam. The soil of the pot was fertilized uniformly with 0.9, 0.8, and 0.8 g urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash corresponding to 160-150-150 kg urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash per hectare, respectively. Half of the urea and remaining fertilizers were mixed with soil before the sowing of seeds. Rest amount of urea was top-dressed at 30 days after sowing.The plants were watered regularly to maintain optimal soil moisture until the water stress treatment was imposed. Adequate plant protection measures were taken to keep the plants free from diseases, insects and weeds throughout the growing season. Growth parameters such as dry weight of stem, leaf, petiole and reproductive parts of a plant were measured at different growth stages i.e. 4-leaf stage, pod development stage (21 days after anthesis) and first pod yellowing stage. At each stage, the plants of both water-stressed and non-stressed were segmented into components i.e. stem, leaf, petiole, root and reproductive organs. The segmented parts were then oven dried at 70 ºC to a constant weight and dry weights of the plant parts were taken. Total dry matter (above ground biomass) or shoot dry weight was calculated by summing up the dry weights of stem, petiole, leaf and reproductive parts of plants. The leaf area plant^-1 was measured with an automatic area meter (Model AAM-8, Hayashi denko, Japan) at 4-leaf and pod development stages. Treatment wise viable (existing) leaves were counted at pod development stage. Yield contributing characters viz. number of pods plant^-1, seeds pod^-1, 100-seed weight, and seed yield were measured at harvest. The recorded data were analyzed by 'MSTAT -C statistical package. The mean separation among the treatment combinations were compared by DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agronomy Journal, Vol: 13 (1-2), PP: 94-101, 2010, ISSN: 1013-1922

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the results of this study, the relatively tolerant genotypes BB24 and BB43 of French bean had less affected leaf area, shoot dry weight, pods plant^-1 and seed size than the drought susceptible genotypes BB04 and BARI Jharseem-2.

Knowledge Management: Journal