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Concentration of Nutrients in Wheat Plants and Grain Quality as Influenced by Different Phosphatic Fertilizers

M.T. Islam
School of Agriculture and Rural Development Bangladesh Open University(BOU) Gazipur-1700 Bangladesh

H.H. Begum
Soil Resources Development Institute, Dhaka-1215

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of triple superphosphate (TSP), single superphosphate (SSP) and rock phosphate (RP) on the mineral nutrition and quality of wheat was studied in a field experiment. Application of TSP @ 40kg P₂0₅/ha was found to be the best in respect to protein content of wheat grains and content of N P K Ca Mg and S in plant tissues. Both single and joint application of the three sources of P fertilizer significantly reduced the starch content in grain. Amylose and amylopectin content of grain were mostly unaffected by the application of P fertilizers irrespective of source. Single application of TSP significantly increased N, P, Ca and Mg concentration in plant at both tillering and ripening stages of growth. K and S content in plant tissue were accelerated by both TSP and SSP. Lowest values of all the nutrients were recorded in control. TSP seems to be the best source of P fertilizers for the balanced supply of nutrients to obtain better quality of wheat for the cv. studied.

Keywords: Phosphatic fertilizer, Nutrient concentration, Wheat, Grain quality, Amylose, Amylopectin

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-1992

End Date: 00-03-1993

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To study the comparative performances of TSP, SSP and RP on concentration of nutrients in plant tissues and quality of wheat grains .

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, during November 1992 to March 1993. The experiment was set up by following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 9 treatments and three replications for each treatment having unit plot size of 4m x 2.5m. The plots were fertilized with phosphorous @40kg P₂0₅ through TSP, SSP and RP. A basal dose of 100kg N and 60kg K₂0 per hectare were also applied to all treatments except absolute control through urea and muriate of potash, respectively. To minimise the effect of sulphur from the source of SSP alone required amount of gypsum (G) was added in the soil of the respective treatments. The study consisted of the following treatments:T₀ = Control (where no fertilizer were applied), T₁ = G _27.5, T₂ = TSP₄₀ + G₂₇_.5, T₃ = SSP₄₀, T₄ = RP40 + G_27.5., T₅ = TSP20 + SSP20 + G13.75, T₆= TSP2o + RP2o + G27s, T₇= SSP2o + RP2o + Gn?s and T₈= TSPn33+SSPn33+R1333+G1s 33. Plant samples were collected randomly from each unit plot at tillering stage (TS) and ripening stage (RS). The crop was harvested 107 days after sowing, threshed, both grain and plant samples were cleaned, oven dried at 60°C and ground. Plant samples were digested in di-acid mixture (HN0₃ : HCI0₄ : 2 : 1) and the extract was prepared for determination of total N P K Ca Mg and S content and protein and starch content of grain was determined following classical methods of analyses. Amylose content of grain was estimated following the method of Juliano (1971 ). The content of amylopectin was obtained by deducting the amylose content from the starch content of the respective samples. The data were analysed statistically and the means were adjudged by DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 26(1): 45-49, January, 1999

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of TSP @ 40kg P₂0₅/ha was found to be the best in respect to protein content of wheat grains and content of N P K Ca Mg and S in plant tissues. Both single and joint application of the three sources of P fertilizer significantly reduced the starch content in grain. Amylose and amylopectin content of grain were mostly unaffected by the application of P fertilizers irrespective of source. Single application of TSP significantly increased N, P, Ca and Mg concentration in plant at both tillering and ripening stages of growth. K and S content in plant tissue were accelerated by both TSP and SSP. Lowest values of all the nutrients were recorded in control. TSP seems to be the best source of P fertilizers for the balanced supply of nutrients to obtain better quality of wheat for the cv. studied.

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