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Appropriate Tubewell Technology for Irrigation Using Groundwater in Comilla Sadar Upazila

M. A. Mojid
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, BAU, Mymensingh

M. Harun-ur-Rashid
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The various factors used for determining the type and size of tubewell technology for the abstraction of groundwater in Camilla Sadar Upazila were studied based on local level data. The characteristics and hydraulic proper ties of the local aquifers were found to be fair to poor. The present utilization of groundwater resources in the area was lower than the present requirement and also less than the total potential. At present the technology available for ground water abstraction is large capacity deep tubewells and in some locations shallow tubewells and hand tubewells. The thick surface clay layer and the poor hydraulic properties of the aquifer Iimited the use of suction mode pump and force mode pump, respectively. The results thus suggest that only small capacity deep tube well (28.3-42.5 l/s) and deep set hand tubewell may be used as an appropriate technology for groundwater abstraction in the area.

Keywords: Groundwater aquifer, Tubewell, Irrigation

Location: Camilla Sadar Upazila.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tubewell

Objectives:

To determining appropriate tubewell type for ground water abstraction, and to determine optimum tubewell capacity based on aquifer's hybraulic characteristics and properties at Camilla Sadar Upazila.

Methodology:

Discharge of some existing deep tubewells over the study area during dry season was measured using cut throat flume and many farmers were interviewed to know about tubewell performance. Groundwater lever was monitored at four representative locations in four observation wells and analyzed to explain tubewell suitability. The surface clay thickness over the upazila was presented in a contour map. The safe-yield of ground water for the basin was estimated by a hydrological balance using average climatic condition of the area. In calculating the safe-yield it was assumed that during drought year the withdrawl of groundwater may exceed the recharge of that particular year. The excess withdrawal of groundwater over the recharge will be minimized in sub sequent wet year (s) of rainfall. The present utilization and present need of groundwater in the area were calculated based on available statistical information (Heer, 1984 and Rashid et al., 1889). Appropriate tubewell technology for the characteristics and hydraulic the study area was determined based properties of the aquifers were deter mined by analysing lithologic and pumping test data respectively. The distribution of groundwater storage with on the following criteria: (i) in areas where all water requirements can be met using groundwater within the first 6 m depth from the land surface shallow tubewell may be suitable; (ii) in areas where all of the available recharge can be pumped by shallow tubewells from part of the aquifer within 6 m depth from the land surface, only shallow tubewell may be used; (iii) in areas where the clay layer and/of silt formation is too thick for shallow tubewells, deep tubewells are the main alternative to be considered; (iv) in those areas where the natural water table and/or draw-down is below the suction lift capacity to capture the available recharge, it may be necessary to install deep tubewells and (v) in the areas where saline water is found.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agri. Sci. 19 (1): 71-78, January, 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Therefore, it was evident that in order to obtain maximum benefit by utilizing the entire groundwater resources in Comilla Sadar Upazila, a greater depth of annual depletion must be allowed by lowering the piezometric surface below the base of the upper clay layer. In this area, suction lift pumps would be regarded inappropriate technology for groundwater abstraction. Only deep tubewells of capacity (28.3 to 42.5 l/s) would be appropriate technology for ground water. For domestic purposes the deep set hand tubewells would be appropriate for the area.

Knowledge Management: Journal