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Tissue Culture in Rye with B Chromosomes

l. Hassan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experimental rye population has been successfully cultured as immature embryo callus capable of plant regeneration. Interesting effects of tissue culture processes on B chromosomes have been illustrated and also the modification of tissue culture effects by B-chromosomes implied. The induction of variation by immature embryo culture has been accomplished and such variation produced may be of use to breeders or cytologists. Of particular interest is the production of self fertile rye which may yield useful inbred lines approaching homozygosity, and aneuploids which may yield chromosome variants, such as monosomoics, otherwise difficult to acquire.

Keywords: Tissue culture, Secale cereale, B-chromosomes

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To understand a detailed account of chromosomal variations in tissue culture particularly in immature embryo culture, callsus culture from the seedlings and shoot meristem culture.

Methodology:

Three different strains of rye (Secale cereale) of diverse derivation containing 8- chromosomes were used as material in this experiment. All tissue culture equipment and media were pre-sterilised in an autoclave and all work was carried out in a sterile air-flow cabinet. Te temperature of growth room was kept in the range 18-24⁰C. For this study three types of culture viz., Immature embryo culture, Callus culture from seedlings and Shoot meristem culture were followed. Seeds from the three rye strains were sterilised in 40% Domestos for 20 minutes and washed five times in sterile distilled water. The seeds were germinated in plastic universal tubs on sterile agar. Upon the production of roots three or four of them could be cut of and screened without sacrificing the seedling. After two or three weeks the seedling was removed and the sterile meristems dissected out and placed on solid culture medium in a 5x5 replidish. MS medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate and 2,4-D at pH 6.0 were used. The cultures were initially placed in the dark. They were maintained by transferring to fresh medium every two to four weeks and placed in continuous diffuse light after first sub-culture. At the time of the second sub-culture, or later, if healthy callus greater than 6 mm in diameter was Droduced, it was transferred to 1 0 ml of fresh medium in 60 ml plastic tubs and maintained in there. In subsequent sub-culturing, if a callus exceeded 15 mm in diameter it was split into smaller pieces which were then cultured individually

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 23(1): 39-44, January 1996

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The induction of variation by immature embryo culture has been accomplished and such variation produced may be of use to breeders or cytologists. Of particular interest is the production of self fertile rye which may yield useful inbred lines approaching homozygosity, and aneuploids which may yield chromosome variants, such as monosomoics, otherwise difficult to acquire.

Knowledge Management: Journal