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Effect of Sowing Depth on Plant Establishment,tillering and Other Agronomic Traits in Winter Wheat

H.M.M. Tariq Hossain
Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Agriculture College Dumki Patuakhali

M.A. Samad
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A. Sadeque
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.K. chowdhury
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Agriculture College, Patuakhali

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted in the field and pot culture conditions at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the winter season of 1991- 1992 to evaluate the effects of sowing depth on plant establishment, tillering capacity and other agronomic traits in winter wheat. Germination, seedling emergence, plant establishment, fertile tillers per plant and grain yield per unit area were reduced with increase in sowing depth from 2 to 8 cm. Seedling emergence started earlier from shallow sowing (2 cm). Varietal differences in seedling emergence were related to depth of soil cover. Several patterns of root and tiller development were observed at various seeding depths. Emergence of ears were delayed by deep sowing. Thus the present study suggest that deep sowing beyond 6 cm should be avoided for better yield improvement in winter wheat.

Keywords: Depth of sowing, Plant establishment, Tillering capacity, Winter wheat

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1991

End Date: 00-00-1992

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To know the optimum level of seeding depth in order to secure an adequate crop stands for better yield improvement in wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in both the field and pot culture conditions at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the winter season of 1991-92. The experiment consisted of four depths of sowing (2cm, 4cm, 6cm and 8cm) and two cultivars of wheat (Kanchan and Sonalika for field and Kanchan with Aghrani for pot culture conditions). It was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications.In both the cases, the sowing depths were maintained with measured pegs of the levels above respectively. The experimental crop was sown on 30 November, 1991. Seven to eight seeds were placed on measured points of the row and the pegs raising upon the seeds were inserted up to the desired depths. After the placement of seeds, the holes made by dibbling were filled up with soil. Fertilizer application, timing and frequency of irrigation were made according to the recommendation of Wheat Research Centre, Nashipur, Dinajpur. Germination of seeds were observed in every alternate days from 3 DAS and continued upto 10 DAS after which no new emergence was noticed. In both the trials, the number of emerged plants and that of mature plants at harvesting were recorded. Plant establishment was calculated as the seeds which gave mature plants. Number of grain bearing tillers per plant were recorded from randomly selected five plants from each plots at maturity stage. Grain and top growth weight per ha, 1000 grain weight and ears per m ²were measured from the field trial. Pattern of root development and tillering habit were examined carefully in the case of pot culture conditions.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 23(1): 75-80, January. 1996

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Germination, seedling emergence, plant establishment, fertile tillers per plant and grain yield per unit area were reduced with increase in sowing depth from 2 to 8 cm. Seedling emergence started earlier from shallow sowing (2 cm). Varietal differences in seedling emergence were related to depth of soil cover. Several patterns of root and tiller development were observed at various seeding depths. Emergence of ears were delayed by deep sowing. Thus the present study suggests that deep sowing beyond 6 cm should be avoided for better yield improvement in winter wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal