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Improvement of Mustard Through Induced Mutation

A. Rahman
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box No.4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. L. Das
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P.O. Box No.4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Different doses of gamma-rays were used to induce mutations in a promising line of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) for improvement of yield and yield components. In M₁generation radio sensitivity was studied and LD ₅₀ was found to be above 112 Krad. In M ₂ generation 103 desirable variants were isolated on the basis of seed yield and other yield components. In M ₈generation, considerable variation was observed in the mutants. Only 14 mutants bred true. Improve mutant in number of pods/plant was found to be significant and very high in 7 mutants. Four mutants have produced significantly higher seed yield by 8 to 13 per cent over parent and 39 to 43 per cent over recommended variety Rai 5 .

Keywords: Gamma-rays, induced mutation, mustard, yield.

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 12-11-1986

End Date: 16-02-1987

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

The present study was, therefore, undertaken to explore the possibility of altering the plant type and increasing productivity.

Methodology:

Dry seeds (water content ca 7%} of a promising mustard line 'B1NA62' were treated with 60, 70, 80 and 100 Krad doses of gamma-rays. irradiation was carried out at a constant dose rate of 5.8 Krad/min using a ⁶⁰ Co source. Seeds were sown in rows in the field to raise M₁ generation. Seed germination, seedling height ( 21 days old ) and plant survival at maturity were recorded in M ₁generation. In M₂_, selection was made on the basis of plant type, seed yield and other agronomic characters, Seeds of M₂mutative mutants were grown in 3 m long plant- progeny rows for raising M ₃ generation. Seeds of a recommended variety Rai 5 and the parent were also grown in 3 rows after every 10 rows of mutant for ensuring effective comparison. Observations on different agronomic characters were recorded from 20 uniform plants for each of the selected mutants

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 18 (2) : 203-206 ; 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is revealed that 60 Krad and on ward doses showed progressive reductions in germination, growth and survival of plants at maturity. Delayed germination was observed with higher doses of gamma-rays. The LD 10 values were calculated from the records on seedling height in M ₁and it was found to be above 112 Krad. On the basis of agronomic data and visual comparison 103 desirable variants were isolated from different doses of gamma-rays. The highest number of mutants were found in 80 Krad followed by 70, 60 and 100 Krad doses of gamma rays. Significant differences for all the seven characters were found among the desirable mutants in M ₃generation. Only 14 mutants bred true They were isolated from 60, 70 and 80 Krad doses of gamma-rays. Some of the mutants have shown superior performance in comparison to the parental line. The maximum seed yield was produced by the mutant 14-1 which might be due to increased number of pods and highest 1000-seed weight. The identifying characters of M ₃ mutants and their seed yield-increase/decrease in percentage over the parent It can be summarized that the mutant 14-1,26-1 and 4-10 may be evaluated for direct use as cultivars

Knowledge Management: Journal