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Translocation Studies with 14c Tracer in Wheat Under Moisture Stress Conditions

M. R. Islam
Horticulture Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. H. Kabir
Assistant Registrar, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. A. Salam
Director (Research), Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during 2004-05 cropping season. Six selected wheat genotypes were tested under different moisture regimes viz. 80, 55 and 30% field capacity (FC) in pot condition to identify the wheat genotypes performed better translocation of current assimilates towards grain using ¹⁴C tracer. The translocation studies with ¹⁴C isotope resulted in the similar ability of translocation of assimilates in all genotypes under 80% Fe treatment. But under 30% FC, the genotypes Shatabdi, Kanchan and BA W- 969 could translocate higher amount of ¹⁴C assimilate from the fed leaf when data collected after 48 hours of exposure. The drought susceptible one Agrani translocated assimilate slowly and little labelled assimilate translocated towards stem and grain under drought condition. Correlation between leaf area and transpiration rate with % activity of ¹⁴C in grain (48 hrs exposure) was almost positive in nature, indicating the straight line regression is quite appropriate. Percent activity of ¹⁴C in grain increased (r = 0.838) with the increase of transpiration rate and leaf area.

Keywords: Translocation, 14C feeding, Flag leaf wheat, Water stress

Location: BINA head quarter farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 14-11-2004

End Date: 13-03-2005

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To identify the wheat genotypes performed better translocation ability of current and reserved assimilates toward grains under water stress situation.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was carried out in plastic pots at BINA head quarter farm, Mymensingh during November 14 to March 13, 2004-05 cropping year. Six selected genotypes such as Shatabdi, Kanchan, BA W -969, BA W -56, BA W -944 and Agrani and three stress treatments such as; 30% FC, 55% FC and 80% FC were used in the experiment. The design of the experiment was RCBD with 3 replications. Stress treatments were maintained by the application of additional water thrice in a week to the pots following gravimetric method. Seeds were sown in pots on November 14, 2004-05. After germination, seedlings were counted and excess plants 'were removed to maintain three plants population in each pot. Fifteen mg of ¹⁴C (20.90 mci/mmol. BaC0₃, in 25 mci. solution) tracer were dissolved in 250 ml distilled water. The flag leaf of the plant was fed by ¹⁴C at anthesis stage. At anthesis stage, all tillers excluding 3 fertile tillers in each stress treatment were cut. Then the three tillers containing pot of each treatment was transferred to the isotope laboratory and it was placed under fume hood in the presence of 1000 micro mole light intensity. The in-situ ¹⁴C feeding to the leaves was done with the help of menometric flask. Under fume hood, three menometric flasks were set up which had two funnels. One was allowed for ¹⁴C solution and HCI to run into the flax and another funnel was used for entering the flag leaf of the exposing plant. After entering flag leaf into the flax, ¹⁴C solution and sufficient amount of O.IN HCL (to acidify carbonate) was added. Then the two funnels were closed by corks. As soon as ¹⁴C02 gas was homogeneously distributed within the menometric flask, the incandescent light of 1000 micro-mole was switched on. Then the plants were allowed to assimilate the ¹⁴C0₂ for 5 minutes. The ¹⁴C activity was measured in different plant parts including the fed leaves at 3 times as follows: (i) Radioactivity was counted for ¹⁴C fed leaf, just after ¹⁴C feeding from 1 SI tiller using scintillation counter. The leaf was harvested just after feeding and kept in liquid nitrogen to prevent loss of any ¹⁴C by any metabolic activities. The measurement of ¹⁴C activity resulted in the total intake of ¹⁴C through the assimilatory process. ii) Radioactivity was counted in stem and grain including ¹⁴C fed leaf after 48 hours of feeding time using 2nd tiller. All the leaves of the 3^rd ¹⁴C fed tiller were cut after 48 hours. This tiller with panicle was allowed to grow till maturity. (iii) At maturity, radioactivity was also counted in the 3^rd tiller in grain. The dry weight of fed flag leaf, stem and all the spikelets in the panicle of concerned tiller were measured. 0.5 gm of each sample were taken in to a vial and 18 ml glacial acetic acid was added to digest the sample material. 10 ml of scintillate (PUPUP) was also added to each vial for measuring the ¹⁴C activity present in the sample.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture, Vol: 23 & 24, PP: 17-26, 2012, ISSN: 0258-7130

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Significant variation was found in different stress levels. Translocation of ¹⁴C was reduced gradually with the gradual increment of soil moisture stresses. Optimum moisture regime like 80% FC treatment showed the highest uptake of ¹⁴C (2850 dps) by flag leaf while 30% FC showed the lowest. Moderate moisture regime (55% FC) showed in ¹⁴C uptake intermediate. Genotypic variation was found in activity of ¹⁴C. Results demonstrated that two of the genotypes Shatabdi and Kanchan had much higher ¹⁴C activity (ranged 2804 to 2725 dps) in fed leaf than that of other genotypes. The genotypes BA W-969 and BA W56 showed intermediate activity of ¹⁴C in fed leaf Interaction effect of moisture stress and genotype had shown significant differences. All the genotypes had shown more or less similar activity of ¹⁴C assimilates under 80% FC treatment. Shatabdi and Kanchan showed higher activity of ¹⁴C in fed leaf ranged from 2336 to 2477 dps, whereas Agrani and BAW-944 showed the lowest under 30% FC treatment. Under 55% FC treatment, all the genotypes showed medium and similar capacity of ¹⁴C uptake excluding Shatabdi and Kanchan. Shatabdi showed the lowest reduction percentage of activity of 4.86 and 18.57% under 55 and 30% FC treatments, respectively, whereas in genotype Agrani there was the highest 21.4 and 42.3 percent reduction in activity under those stress treatments, respectively

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