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Abundance of Aquatic Insects in Relation to Physico-chemical Parameters of Two Highly Polluted Rivers Sitalakkhya and the Buriganga

Sanjida Hossain
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Abu F. M. Aslam
Soil and Environment section, Biological Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Badhan Saha
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Abdul Jabber Howlader
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Diversity of aquatic insects in relation to the physicochemical parameters of the river Buriganga and Shitalakhya were studied from January to December 2013. A total of 9891 individuals of aquatic insects representing 22 families under 6 orders were collected and identified. Higher number of insects were recorded from the river Shitalakhya (5493) than the river Buriganga (4398). Representatives of the family Culicidae were found to be dominant in the river Buriganga (23.28%) than Shitalakhya (20.70%). Specimens under the order Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera were found only in the river Shitalakhya. The highest diversity of Shannon Weiner Index (2.98), Evenness (0.98) and Taxa Richness (0.98) were recorded in the river Shitalakhya than the river Buriganga. This indicated the less pollution and presence of higher diversity of aquatic insects in the Shitalakhya river. The highest temperature, pH, EC, TDS, COD was observed in Buriganga in dry season and highest DO was observed in Shitalakhya in monsoon. From the present investigation it may be concluded here that the river Buriganga was more polluted than the river Shitalakhya.

Keywords: Aquatic insect, Physicochemical parameters, River Buriganga, River Shitalakhya

Location: Entomology laboratory of the Department of Zoology in Jahangirnagar University

Start Date: 00-01-2013

End Date: 00-12-2013

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

1. To investigate the composition, diversity, and distribution of aquatic insects in relation to the physicochemical properties of the rivers Buriganga and Shitalakhya.

2. To evaluate the pollution status of the two important rivers of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Water samples and aquatic insects were collected from the river Buriganga and the Shitalakhya January to December, 2013 during. Three sampling sites were selected for each of the river and the names of the sampling location for their latitudes and longitudes are shown in this study. Water samples were collected fortnightly from each sampling location with 200 ml plastic containers. The containers were pre-washed with nitric acid each time to remove any form of contaminants. The water samples were brought to the Soil and Environment Section of BCSIR lab of Dhaka and preserved in refrigerator temporarily until analysis. Water pH was determined by glass electrode using pH meter (Sense Ion, 156; HACH, USA). The EC of water samples was directly determined by EC meter (Sense Ion, 156; HACH, USA) in µs/cm. The total dissolved solid (TDS) was determined directly by TDS meter (2100 Q; HACH, USA). Dissolved oxygen of water samples was determined in the field by DO meter (HQ 30 D; HACH, USA). COD was determined with COD kit (Cat. 21259-15; HACH, USA). Average values of each parameter were recorded and presented in the form of their seasonal variations. Adult insects were collected from the water surface of each sampling location using a dip-net. Insects collected were preserved in 70% ethanol in jars. All samples collected were taken to the Entomology laboratory of the Department of Zoology in Jahangirnagar University for identification. The insects were identified using microscope. The specimens were identified on the basis of the external morphology. Identification of the various taxa were done following available keys. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Diversity and other indices were calculated. The taxa richness was based solely on the number of taxa found in the given area and does not reflect the relative dominance of species. Shannon-wiener index was determined by both the number of species and the even distribution of individuals among those species. Evenness (E): Using species richness (R) and the Shannon-Wiener index (H), evenness of a taxa was computed.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 43(1): 63-72, 2015, ISSN: 0304-9027 (Print), 2408-8455 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In present study, the highest DO (6.15 mg/l) was observed in post-monsoon in the river Shitalakhya and the lowest (3.37 mg/l) was recorded in dry season in the river Buriganga. Because in dry season the flow of water in the river was very low and concentration of pollutants was very high. Industrial wastes may also caused depletion of DO by chemical reaction. It was evident from the results of the present investigation that the pollution of both the rivers were deadly hazardous upon the status of aquatic biodiversity. From the present investigation it may be concluded here that the river Buriganga was more polluted than the river Shitalakhya. So awareness should be developed to stop over pollution in the rivers through unplanned industrialization and urbanization because rivers are one of the most potential natural resources that enrich our poor country from various aspects and this information may help Government and Non-Government organizations to plan long term strategies to save our aquatic ecosystem.

Knowledge Management: Journal